명말청초 문학과 북학파 문학의 변별점 - 연암 박지원과 형암 이덕무를 중심으로

Abstract

This manuscript examined the differences between 18C Bukhak-pa's literature aspect and late Ming Dynasty and early Ch'ing Dynasty's. As a result, Mo gi-ryung(毛奇齡)'s critical attitude and realization about literature confirmed that the justification and awareness of administration were on the rise. Apart from Mo gi-ryung's apostasy and critical attitude to criticize ChuHsi(朱子), Korean literary society in late Chosun Dynasty distinctively conceded his study of Chinese classics and academic performance. Different from the writers who unconditionally criticized anti-Chutzu, Bukhak-pa's rationalism turned out to be separate sentimental estimation and studying no matter what it is if there are something to learn. This way of thinking mixed considering the justification as well as considering awareness of administration, and it cause Bukhak-pa to germinate new consciousness which is called ‘Actual justice’. Consequently, Yeon-am faction had specific and objective critical attitude about late Ming Dynasty and early Ch'ing Dynasty literature. This fact distinguish them from late Ming Dynasty and early Ch'ing Dynasty literature. It offers Yeon-am factions' literature-criticism criterion since they attempted to approach objectively, not by one's subjective preference. Therefore, emprical tradition writing that they pictured looks similar to writing of early Ch'ing Dynasty's Realist School of Confucianism but they kept Chosun's characteristic. About the same emphasis in administration should be explained differently that Chosun’s tendency was to integrate with literary theory unlike Silhak in China. It is possible to figure out the whole picture by regarding these tendency as a new type of writing in general Yeon-am faction's thought including actual justice, opinions of specific Bukhak, an economic policy, and even emphasizing pragmatic view of literature.