日本 漢字敎育의 位相과 漢字敎育硏究의 動向

Abstract

In Japan, Chinese characters, along with Kana are establishing its position as part of Japanese as an important means of representation. In Japanese, Chinese characters are the most important substance and an important component forming sentences. Therefore, Chinese Character Education of Japan can be seen as Japanese education as part of Japanese and character education. This Chinese Character Education in Japan is leading to school education as well as lifelong education in general language life. Based on instructional tips, curriculum, it is systematically conducted in elementary· middle· high school Japanese textbook in schools and learned spirally and repeatedly focusing on Chinese Characters allocated by grade by determining commonly used Chinese characters. Like this, Chinese Character Education in Japan is an essential specification of Japanese in the language life and is being done throughout life. First of all, to identify the phase and reality of Chinese Character Education in Japan, this study attempted to examine the current status of Chinese Character Education in school education, commonly used Chinese characters, and curriculum. Recently, the matters on commonly used Chinese characters and instructional tips, education curriculum which becomes the foundation of the Chinese Character Education in Japan have significantly changed. Current education policy was changed to correct existing free education and value much of basic academic ability and emphasize to foster language ability by increasing the number of classes. Also, commonly used Chinese characters were significantly revised responding to the change in the Information Age. 2136 characters that total 191 characters are increased were reestablished as commonly used Chinese characters by adding 196 to existing commonly used Chinese characters 1945 characters and excluding 5 characters. It could be seen that Chinese Character Education is systematically performed in school education based on new instructional tips. The matters on Chinese Characters are separately made and conducted in the department of Japanese and the matters on commonly used Chinese characters(Chinese Characters allocated by grade) are included in it. Unique things in revised instructional tips are that the contents on Chinese Character learning around Chinese Characters allocated by grade were changed a little and subject name system of high school Japanese subject was considerably changed. As shown above, it can be seen that Chinese Character Education being conducted in school education based on instructional tips is being carried out systematically and Japanese education is being more emphasized due to the change of education policy. Next, this study attempted to review the trend in Chinese Character Education education to see how research on Chinese Character Education of Japan is going on at present. Various studies were conducted about Chinese Character Education as Japanese education and character education of Japan. This study examined the research on Chinese Character Education after 1990s by classifying it into several areas. It turned out that since in particular, Chinese Characters are used according to the state of Japan, the studies on Chinese Character Education due to uniqueness caused in connection with characters of their own countries are in progress variously. Also, the studies on how to learn and use Chinese Characters easily are discussed actively. The significance of this study can be found that it gives implications on Chinese Character Education in Japan by examining the reality of Chinese Character Education in school education and curriculum as part to identify the phase and reality of Japanese Chinese Character Education and by reviewing the trend Chinese Character Education research of how research on Chinese Character Education of Japan is going on at present.