『솔로몬 왕의 광산』과 「괴물」에서 본 권력 장치로서의 괴물성
Monstrosity as a Power Apparatus in King Solomon’s Mines and “The Monster”
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This essay analyzes H. R. Haggard’s King Solomon’s Mines and Stephen Crane’s “The Monster.” The two texts, both published in the late nineteenth century, portray the monstrosity that arises in two different social contexts, one in a British imperial outpost and the other in a small, racially structured community in America. The recent work on monstrosity in literature, particularly that which offers post-modernist and psychoanalytical readings, often focuses on its incomprehensible, hybridized (non)identity and potentially subversive power against the dominant symbolic order. Those readings often lack due inquiry into the power structures that determine the extent to which the revolutionary potential of monstrosity can be realized. My analysis of King Solomon’s Mines draws attention to how imperialism did not limit itself to the normative distinction between civilized and savage but developed by learning to employ monstrosity. In “The Monster,” the faceless Johnson’s monstrosity, thanks to its very nature of having no fixed meaning, is exploited by townspeople for diverse purposes, all in the service of dominant cultural values. My comparative study shows that the discursively unsettling, non-human quality of monstrosity is not itself a subversive force but always subject to being appropriated by superior power technologies and resources.
Abstract
This essay analyzes H. R. Haggard’s King Solomon’s Mines and Stephen Crane’s “The Monster.” The two texts, both published in the late nineteenth century, portray the monstrosity that arises in two different social contexts, one in a British imperial outpost and the other in a small, racially structured community in America. The recent work on monstrosity in literature, particularly that which offers post-modernist and psychoanalytical readings, often focuses on its incomprehensible, hybridized (non)identity and potentially subversive power against the dominant symbolic order. Those readings often lack due inquiry into the power structures that determine the extent to which the revolutionary potential of monstrosity can be realized. My analysis of King Solomon’s Mines draws attention to how imperialism did not limit itself to the normative distinction between civilized and savage but developed by learning to employ monstrosity. In “The Monster,” the faceless Johnson’s monstrosity, thanks to its very nature of having no fixed meaning, is exploited by townspeople for diverse purposes, all in the service of dominant cultural values. My comparative study shows that the discursively unsettling, non-human quality of monstrosity is not itself a subversive force but always subject to being appropriated by superior power technologies and resources.
참고문헌 (29)
- Bakhtin, Mikhail, "Rabelais and His World" (1984), Indiana UP
- Baldick, Chris, "In Frankenstein’s Shadow : Myth, Monstrosity, and Nineteenth Century Writing" (1987), Oxford UP
- Botting, Fred, "Gothic" (1996), Routledge
- Brantlinger, Patrick, "Taming Cannibals : Race and the Victorians" (2011), Cornell UP
- Brown, Bill, "The Material Unconscious: American Amusement, Stephen Crane, and the Economies of Play" (1996), Harvard UP
- Burrow, Merrick, "The Imperial Souvenir: Things and Masculinities in H. Rider Haggard’s King Solomon’s Mines and Allan Quatermain", Journal of Victorian Culture, 18(1), pp.72~92 (2013)
- Chrisman, Laura, "Postcolonial Contraventions: Cultural Readings of Race, Imperialism, and Transnationalism" (2003), Manchester UP
- Christensen, Tim, "The Unbearable Whiteness of Being: Misrecognition, Pleasure, and White Identity in Kipling’s Kim", College Literature, 39(2), pp.9~30 (2012)
- Crane, Stephen, "Prose and Poetry", pp.389~447 (1984), Literary Classics of the U. S.
- Dougals, Mary, "Purity and Danger : An Analysis of Concept of Pollution and Taboo" (2002), Routledge
- Foucault, Michel, "The History of Sexuality. Volume 1, An Introduction" (1990), Vintage
- Franey, Laura E., "Victorian Travel Writing and Imperial Violence: British Writing on Africa, 1855-1902" (2003), Palgrave Macmillan
- Haggard, H. Rider, "King Solomon’s Mines" (2008), Oxford UP
- Harpham, Geoffrey Galt, "On the Grotesque : Strategies of Contradiction in Art and Literature" (1982), Princeton UP
- Hiro, Molly, "How It Feels to Be without a Face: Race and the Reorientation of Sympathy in the 1890s", Novel, 39(2), pp.179~203 (2006)
- Kaufman, Heidi, "King Solomon’s Mines?: African Jewry, British Imperialism, and H. Rider Haggard’s Diamonds", Victorian Literature and Culture, 33(2), pp.517~539 (2005)
- Masterson, Kelly, "The Subversion of Racial Science in Charles W. Chesnutt’s ‘The Doll’ and Stephen Crane’s ‘The Monster.’", Studies in American Naturalism, 13(1), pp.44~68 (2018)
- McClintock, Anne, "Imperial Leather: Race, Gender, and Sexuality in the Colonial Contest" (1995), Routledge
- Mitchell, Lee Clark, "Face, Race, and Disfiguration in Stephen Crane’s ‘The Monster.’", Critical Inquiry, 17(1), pp.174~192 (1990)
- Monsman, Gerald, "Of Diamonds and Deities: Social Anthropology in H. Rider Haggard’s King Solomon’s Mines", English Literature in Transition 1880-1920, 43(3), pp.280~297 (2000)
- Moretti, Franco, "Signs Taken for Wonders : Essays in the Sociology of Literary Forms" (1983), Verso Editions
- Ng, Andrew Hock-soon, "Dimensions of Monstrosity in Contemporary Narratives: Theory, Psychoanalysis, Postmodernism" (2004), Palgrave Macmillan
- Nye, Matthew, "Linguistic Crossings: African Essentialism in King Solomon’s Mines", ANQ: A Quarterly Journal of Short Articles, Notes and Reviews, 29(2), pp.98~103 (2016)
- Punter, David, "The Gothic" (2004), Blackwell
- Ryden, Wendy, "Lawn and Order: An Ecocritique of Progress in Stephen Crane’s The Monster", The Explicator, 75(2), pp.121~124 (2017)
- Said, Edward W., "Culture and Imperialism" (1993), Random House
- Stallybrass, Peter, "The Politics and Poetics of Transgression" (1986), Methuen
- Warner, Michael D., "Value, Agency, and Stephen Crane’s ‘The Monster.’", Nineteenth-Century Fiction, 40(1), pp.76~93 (1985)
- Youngs, Tim, "Travellers in Africa : British Travelogues, 1850-1900" (1994), Manchester UP