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중학생들의 공감 능력 및 영어수업 즐거움이 영어학습 동기에 미치는 영향

Effects of English classroom enjoyment and empathy on English learning motivation

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긍정심리학의 확장-수립 이론(Fredrickson, 2004, 2013)을 바탕으로 학습자의 긍정적 특성 및 긍정적 정서가 제2언어 학습에 미치는 영향을 고찰하는 연구의 필요성이 꾸준히 제기되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 개인의 특성 변인인 공감 능력과 정서적 변인인 교실 영어수업 즐거움이 영어학습 동기에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 연구 참여자는 중학교 3학년생 184명이었다. 주요 연구 결과로서, 중학생들의 공감 능력과 교실 영어수업 즐거움은 모두 영어학습 동기에 대해 유의미한 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 일련의 위계적 회귀분석 결과, 공감 능력의 설명력을 통제하고도 교실 영어수업 즐거움이 영어학습 동기에 유의미한 변화를 초래할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 공감 능력의 설명력을 통제했을 때, 교실 영어수업 즐거움을 구성하는 하위요인들 중 영어학습 즐거움이 유일하게 영어학습 동기에 대해 유의미한 설명력을 가진 것으로 나타났다. 이는 개인 특성인 공감 능력의 차이에도 불구하고, 학습자들이 교실 영어수업에서 즐거움을 경험한다면 이들의 영어학습 동기에 긍정적인 변화가 만들어질 수 있다는 것을 시사한다. 특히 교실 내 우호적인 사회적 상호작용으로부터의 즐거움에 더하여, 영어학습의 내재적 가치로부터 즐거움을 경험한다면 이들의 영어학습 동기가 유의미하게 향상될 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구 결과는 공감 훈련 전략 통합 수업의 효과 및 교실 영어수업에서 긍정적인 정서를 고양하기 위한 교수 활동에 대한 폭넓은 탐색과 논의의 필요성을 시사한다.

Abstract

The present study is a response to a call for more studies to broaden our knowledge of how learners’ positive characteristics and emotions affect their L2 learning. Specifically, this study examines the effects of empathy and English classroom enjoyment on English learning motivation. Participants were 184 3rd grade middle school students. Results showed that both empathy and English classroom enjoyment were positively related with English learning motivation. Hierarchical regression analyses found that when controlling for the effect of empathy, English classroom enjoyment remained a significant predictor of English learning motivation. In addition, the ‘enjoyment of English language learning’ among the three factors constituting English classroom enjoyment, when controlling for the effect of empathy, was the only one that contributed significantly in explaining English learning motivation. The results suggest that regardless of individual differences in empathy, learners’ English learning motivation will be increased when they can experience enjoyment of English language learning in classrooms. Overall, the study calls for further exploration on the effectiveness of empathy training strategy integrated instruction as well as various classroom activities to help learners experience positive emotions about English learning.

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