일제강점기 초등<歷史敎科書>에 나온 ‘朝鮮王’ 과 ‘天皇’ 서술 비교 考察-1920년〜1930년대의 ‘보충’과 ‘정식’ 교과서를 중심으로-

Abstract

<History Textbooks> during the Japanese colonial period is largely divided into two categories: those in the 1920s and 30s focused on historical figures, while those used in the 1940s centered on topics. With the revised <Second Joseon Education Ordinance>, ‘supplementary’ history textbooks were allowed to be published, albeit in a haphazard manner. They focused mainly on the Joseon Dynasty and thus featured more kings than other textbooks. The table of contents lists up 12 monarchs including Park Hyukgeose, Wang Geon, Lee Seong-gye, Yeongjo, and Jeongjo. The official textbooks published later in the 1920s, however, presented six Korean kings in one chapter that addresses the same period in Japanese history. In the 1930s, the kings of Joseon were presented separately again, but only four monarchs were mentioned. While ‘supplementary’ history textbooks simply mentioned Emperor Meiji, 'official' history textbooks featured the emperor. The textbooks in the 1920s and 1930s had 17 chapters with the titles containing the word "Tenno(Emperor)" in the table of contents. Even the chapters on the Middle Ages, when samurais took power, frequently mentioned the emperors, and this tendency intensifies with the following chapters dealing with the periods after the Meiji Restoration. This emperor-centered description suggests the authors and the colonial rulers wanted to justify the annexation and colonization. That is, the aim of the history textbooks is to place the emperor at the center of Japanese history and inject the narrative into the minds of Korean students.