식민지 조선과 대만의 역사교과서 비교 연구 －『普通學校國史』와 『公學校用 日本歷史』를 중심으로－

Abstract

According to Chosun’s 2nd educational ordinance in 1922 and Taiwan’s new educational ordinance, colonies Chosun and Taiwan compiled 『Korean History for Primary Schools』 and 『Japanese History for Public Schools』. In the same period, history education was implemented, and the chance of it was transition to cultural ruling due to the 3·1 Movement in Chosun. Due to this, Taiwan, too, appointed the first civilian governor in military and enacted the policy of mainland extension. This means that history textbooks for the assimilation of Chosun and Taiwanese people were compiled both in Chosun and Taiwan. The key principle of history education in colonies was identically found as Japanese history was taught to allow the people to know ‘the gist of the political system in the state’ and also cultivate ‘the national spirit’. Although in Taiwan, only Japanese history was taught, not Taiwanese history, in Chosun, both Japanese history and a little amount of Chosun history were taught to stress close exchange and racial intimacy between Japan and Chosun. 『Korean History for Primary Schools』 and 『Japanese History for Public Schools』 adopted their text as 『Simsangsohakguksa』 describing figures mainly grounded on the empire’s view of history. The two colonies’ textbooks were both intended to make the people into subjects obeying the Japanese Emperor, and it was because it formed subject matters used to strengthen modern Japanese Emperor-oriented ideology. To cover up the resistance of Chosun people and provide thorough history education grounded on the colonial view of history, 『Korean History for Primary Schools』 added ‘Chosun history’ to 『Simsangsohakguksa』. 『Japanese History for Public Schools』, however, reduced the amount of 『Simsangsohakguksa』 as its original script and did not describe Taiwan’s original history. Unlike Chosun, Taiwan had little recognition on the necessity of education for national history then. In empire Japan’s colonial education policy, they emphasized foreign intrusion over either Chosun or Taiwan in history through the textbooks and stressed the fact that the two countries could not miss to be colonized by Japan. With this intention, they thought education on Japan’s ethnic superiority and beneficial roles importantly.