에이방언 전비음화의 통시적 변화
Diachronic Change of Prenasalization in Ei Dialect
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The objective of this study is to explain the diachronic changes of prenasalization in Ei dialect of Japanese in the framework of Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky 1993/2002). The process of changing the prenasalized stops system in Ei dialect can be divided into four stages: In the first stage, Ei dialect had intervocalic prenasalized stops [ŋɡ], [mb] and [nd]. In the second stage, It had intervocalic [mb] and [nd]. In the third stage, It had only prenasalized stop [nd] intervocalically. In the fourth and final stage, it does not have prenasalized stop any more. To explain these diachronic changes, I use the constraint re-ranking. In the first stage, *VTV and Prenasalise dominated [Id(nas)&Id(lar)]seg, *ŋɡ, *mb, *nd, Ident(nas) and Ident(lar). So intervocalic /k/ and /t/ became [ŋɡ] and [nd]. In the second stage, the ranking between Prenasalise and [Id(nas)&Id(lar)]seg was changed, so [Id(nas)&Id(lar)]seg dominated Prenasalise. And as a result, intervocalic /k/ and /t/ did not become [ŋɡ] and [nd] any more. In the third stage, Prenasalise demoted under *ŋɡ, *mb. So [ŋɡ] and [mb] disappeared and only [nd] remained. In the fourth stage, Prenasalise demoted under *nd. Therefore prenasalized stops no longer exist in the language of the young people at Ei-cho.
Abstract
The objective of this study is to explain the diachronic changes of prenasalization in Ei dialect of Japanese in the framework of Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky 1993/2002). The process of changing the prenasalized stops system in Ei dialect can be divided into four stages: In the first stage, Ei dialect had intervocalic prenasalized stops [ŋɡ], [mb] and [nd]. In the second stage, It had intervocalic [mb] and [nd]. In the third stage, It had only prenasalized stop [nd] intervocalically. In the fourth and final stage, it does not have prenasalized stop any more. To explain these diachronic changes, I use the constraint re-ranking. In the first stage, *VTV and Prenasalise dominated [Id(nas)&Id(lar)]seg, *ŋɡ, *mb, *nd, Ident(nas) and Ident(lar). So intervocalic /k/ and /t/ became [ŋɡ] and [nd]. In the second stage, the ranking between Prenasalise and [Id(nas)&Id(lar)]seg was changed, so [Id(nas)&Id(lar)]seg dominated Prenasalise. And as a result, intervocalic /k/ and /t/ did not become [ŋɡ] and [nd] any more. In the third stage, Prenasalise demoted under *ŋɡ, *mb. So [ŋɡ] and [mb] disappeared and only [nd] remained. In the fourth stage, Prenasalise demoted under *nd. Therefore prenasalized stops no longer exist in the language of the young people at Ei-cho.
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