「～てくれる」と「-어 주다(～テクレル)」の 「恩恵」と「皮肉」

Abstract

Giving-and-Receiving Verbs in Japanese language have been studied for a long time from various perspectives. However, most of the existing literature focuses on the ‘benefactive(onkei) usage’ , which is a common meaning function of 「-te yaru(-てやる)」(hereinafter, “-te yaru”) and「-te kureru(-てくれる)」(hereinafter, “-te kureru”). Despite the fact that there are both ‘benefactive(onkei) usage’ and ‘irony(hiniku) usage’ of 「-te kureru」, there are not many studies that mention ‘irony(hiniku) usage’ of 「-te kureru」. Also, contrastive studies on Giving-and-Receiving Verbs in Japanese and Korean have been largely concentrated on ‘benefactive(onkei) usage’ of 「-te yaru/kureru」 and the corresponding Korean expression「-a/e/ye cwuta(-아/어/여 주다 (-テ{ヤル/クレル}))」(hereinafter, “-e cwuta”). This paper examined the ‘benefactive(onkei) usage’ and ‘irony(hiniku) usage’ of 「-te kureru」 and「-e cwuta」, which have not been studied together in Japanese-Korean contrastive linguistics. The findings are as follows: ① According to the context, 「-te kureru」 and 「-e cwuta」can be interpreted as benefactive(onkei) meaning or irony(hiniku) meaning. ② It is assumed that 「-te kureru」 and 「-e cwuta」 have the person involved in the event. However, there are cases where the person involved is manifested as a case, and sometimes involved as a person who expresses likability, gratitude, irony, and blame. 「-e cwuta」 is deeply involved in co-occurrence with the 「-eykey (-에게 (-に))」 case. ③ 「-e cwuta」 is more likely to be aware of the intention of the agent than 「-te kureru」, whereas 「-te kureru」 is neutral to the intention of the agent. ④Because 「-te kureru」 is related to the eligibility of the sentence by the preference of the event, 「-te kureru」has a higher degree of ‘benefit(onkeisei)’ than 「-e cwuta」.