「천오백번 우타아와세千五百番歌合」에 나타난 후지와라 데이카藤原定家의 비평적 담론

Abstract

This study aims to examine the characteristics of aesthetic consciousness as reflected through the evaluative criteria established by Fujiwara Teika within the critical space of The 1500-Round Poetry Contest (千五百番歌合, Sen-go-hyaku-ban Uta-awase), as well as the levels of critical discourse with other schools. Beginning around the 11th century, waka poetry evolved from personal lyrical expressions into a public discourse, driven by the mechanism of poetic contests (uta-awase), which influenced the establishment of the Shūi Wakashū. This transformation, marked by a shift from "songs of the secular world" (zoku no uta) to "songs of the sacred space" (hare no uta), became prominent within these literary arenas. Through Teika’s judgments on waka in The 1500-Round Poetry Contest and his discourse evaluating other schools, the position of aesthetic consciousness is illuminated. This space of competitive uta-awase allows for an understanding of the diverse concepts and expressions of waka and reveals an “interrelation” between the aesthetic consciousness embedded in waka and its reflection of the era. The study underscores the notable contrast between the worldview of Teika, who followed an aristocratic and art-oriented poetic practice, and other factions. Moving beyond individual poem interpretations or author-focused approaches, this research explores the structure and evaluativecriteria of waka, the presentation of aesthetic consciousness, and the diversity within it. By focusing on the acceptance and transformation processes of aesthetic consciousness as seen in traditional poetic theory, represented by kokoro (mind), kotoba (language), and sugata (form), it provides an understanding of how these aspects of thought, poetic language, and imagery are expressed in the aesthetic space of waka.