근대 러시아 문학작품에 나타난 일･한 번역 비교 ─ 후타바테이 시메이의『아이비키』와 김억의 『밀회』 번역을 중심으로 ─

Abstract

This research aims to analyze translation styles/strategies applied and vocabularies used, respectively, in Shimei Futabatei’s Aibiki (아이비키), the first Russian󰠏to󰠏Japanese translation in a style called gembun itchi – unification of spoken and written language – of Russian writer Ivan Turgenev’s short story The Tryst (Свидание), and in Uk Kim’s Milhoe (밀회), the Japanese󰠏to󰠏Korean translation of Futabatei’s Aibiki. First, Futabatei appeared to try hard to follow Turgenev’s original text as literally and faithfully as possible in his earlier translation of The Tryst, particularly in specific reference to punctuation marks and sentence endings in it. On the contrary, it was found that there appeared in Milhoe some evidence of Kim’s attempt at translating based on Futabatei’s earlier version, whereas the way of his translating sentence endings in it did not appear to be affected by Futabatei’s at all. Second, the fact that the degree to which Chinese words are used in both Futabatei’s first and revised translations remained considerably low compared to other contemporary types of (literary) translation, implicitly points to the translator’s conscious attempt to actualize the idea of gembun itchi. In his translation Kim replaced with Chinese words terms regarded not only as important in context but as unfamiliar or less in use. Further, given that in translating did he actively reflect English terms and expressions non󰠏existent in Futabatei’s original text, this demonstrates how Kim made an effort to develope and maintain his own creative and unique translation style by actively harnessing and referring to the English as well as Japanese translations of the Russian original. Last, it is interesting that Aibiki in its earlier version used the Japanese word jibun (自分) in translating first󰠏person pronouns, given that it was the period during which both Korea and Japan have not established the use of third󰠏person pronouns in literature yet; which shows the then Korean and Japanese translators’ struggle to translate address terms.