포르투갈 리스본의 역사문화경관 고찰

Abstract

Portugal is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Lisbon is a capital city and has many attractions such as religious monastery, cathedral, royal palace and castle. The purpose of this paper is to descript characteristics on historic and cultural landscapes and land marks including UNESCO World Heritage of Liston in Portugal. The findings are as follows; First, This city was conquered by Muslim Moors, occupying most of the Iberian Peninsula in the early 8th century. In 1147, Crusaders under Afonso Henriques reconquered the city for the Christians. Lisbon was one of biggest cities in the world during the 15-17th centuries after Vasco da Gama’s departure to India in 1498. After the 1755 earthquake, this city was rebuilt according to the plans of Prime Minister Marquess of Pombal. Second, The city has two sites listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site: Monastery of the Jeronimos and Tower of Belem, and Cultural Landscape of Sintra. Jeronimos Monastery can be considered one of the most prominent monuments and is one of the most successful achievements of the Manueline style. Tower of Belem built to commemorate Vasco da Gama’s expedition, is a reminder of the great maritime discoveries that laid the foundations of the modern world. Sintra, a town in the Grand Lisbon subregion has become a major tourist attraction, with many day-trippers visiting from Lisbon. Attractions include the summer residence of the kings of Palacio Real(14-17th century), the castle Castelo dos Mouros(8-9th century, reconstructed in the 19th century), and Palacio da Pena(19th). Third, Many monuments were built by Manueline style. This style is the representative art of Portugal in 15-16th century, named after then King Dom Manuel I. Jeronimos Monastery with its decorative windows surrounded with sculptured organic and twisted rope forms, is the major monument of the manueline style. Regardless of its original shapes and decorative patterns, it has been regarded as a variation of late-Gothic or of the earlier form of Renaissance. The style was extended to the decorative arts and spread to Spain, Mexico and India. The paper was performed as the regional study on the geographical understanding for Lisbon. It can be used as a basic data for understanding on Portuguese culture as well as a guide for Korean travelers visiting this city.