프롤레타리아란 무엇이었는가 - 카프 초기의 프롤레타리아 개념의 변모

Abstract

From Marxist perspective, the proletariat is the class that abolishes itself. In other words, it is the class, and it isn’t. The characteristic of this dialectical being that preserves the future time, has been transfigured in a certain way in the development process of the proletarian literary movement in colonial Korea. Under the influence of World War Ⅰ and March 1st Movement(1919), the proletariat became the common name of all those who were suffering socio-economically and politically, that is the colonized, the poor, the tramp, the sick, etc. Especially, for Kim Ki-Jin[金基鎭], who tried to find a clue to the human liberation from the ‘revolution of the sense’, the proletariat was the name of the minority or the dispossessed in the comprehensive meaning. But, in order to bring the ‘proletarian literature’ into existence under the representational apparatus of the colonial/imperial system, it ought to have made clear that the proletarian was the ‘class’ as the subject producing all of the social relationships, not just the oppressed in the colonial capitalism. In the context of literature, it appeared in the way to emphasis on the ‘class consciousness’ and the ‘eye of the proletarian vanguard’. The more it has carried through the hegemony of labour class in the concept of the proletariat, this concept has been transferred to the context of identity politics by degrees. It could be said that the proletariat as the common name of the dispossessed has been transfigured to the flag of the vanguard of labour class.