설화에서의 도적 혹은 의적 재현에 관하여 : 도적을 의적으로 호명하는 욕망과 그 의미

Abstract

This study examines the viewpoint and desire of the subject who represents thieves as bandits. It further seeks to reveal the desire and meaning of interpelling thieves as bandits. Spivak explained re-presentation by dividing it into ‘speaking for’ and ‘re-presentation of someone’. Regardless of whether the method is ‘speaking for’ or ‘re-representation’, when the subject of representation has authority and hegemony, the fact was confirmed that moral and ethical authority was rather granted to the subject who reproduces thieves or bandits. In other words, if the subject of representing thieves is the ruling class with hegemony and authority, the story of thieves is only a story that reinforces the ideology of the then society and cannot be a true story of bandits. Thieves cannot be bandits even if they are reproduced by a subject who does not have authority and hegemony. The thieves represented in oral folk tales do not have the meaning of ethical edification. Thieves are just fun beings. Even in oral folk tales, thieves are thieves but cannot be bandits. Some of the beings called bandits in the oral folk tales have been tangled with the names of the real heads of the Hwalbindang bandit group active in the early 1900s. In other words, thieves were called bandits. Since the story of bandits in oral folk tales is also a representation that does not have a specific authority or hegemony, the story of bandits that appears in oral folk tales does not have the viewpoint of authority or edification shown by the social ruling class at the time. In addition, since a story of thieves focused on interest is represented as a story of bandits, the story does not accurately refute the contradictions or problems of the then society. However, calling thieves bandits is the desire itself of the enjoyers of folk tales who recognize the contradictions of society at the time. As Spivak argues, the so-called sub-subject (subaltern) cannot express his voice in the ideological text of literature. Nevertheless, those who recognize the contradictions of the society and who enjoy the story of calling thieves bandits call thieves bandits in the outer context of the text. They thus desire to call thieves bandits.