개인선과 공동선에 관한 공자와 묵자의 상호 연계성 고찰

Abstract

This study tried to analyze the relationships between the individual virtue and common virtue using the theories about individuals and communities which were proposed by the two influential preqin period thinkers, Confucian and Motze. Confucian and Motze basically hold in high estimation in human dignity and worth. They set high value on individual pursuit of happiness and self-realization. And they also think highly of common interests, norms and values. In other words, they both tried to seek balance and harmony between the individual virtue and common virtue as follow. First, when we compare the basic characteristics and purposes of moral training of Mohism and Confucianism, they are so similar that it is very difficult to differentiate the two theories. They both regard building individual moral character as a means to make common virtue which is pursued by community. Second, the individuals who have both talents and virtues make idealistic community and also they lead it and influence the life and death of the community. So, they thought that the community assures the growth and self-realization of individuals who have talent and moral character. The individuals devote themselves to the community, and the communities are respectful of individual values, and they tried to promote the organic relationships. When we consider the two theories which suggested desirable shape of an individual and a community, although it is thought that there is a little difference in the way of realizing the harmony of individual virtue and common virtue, their main points are the same. It is because both theories are complement and closely tied to each other in its’ insists about individual and community.