社稷의 기원 및 원형적 특성

Abstract

This paper was made progress with purpose of investigating the original meaning, archetype, and spirit of Sajik in Korean concerning Sa, Land God and Jik, Grain God. Sajik means that Sa is a Land God and Jik is a Grain God, which was written first in Samguksagi, The Chronicles of the Three States. That is, Sajik has beginning ancient and in terms of arrangements and services in many places not at one place like Jongmyo, Royal Ancestral Shrine, it has been continuing ceaselessly thriving, changing, and declining as a considerably important object for our ancestors. But the established rules and systems are not changed drastically. Sajik ancestral ritual movements have <Guksa>, <Gukjik> in <Sukanjigok> and <Suanjigok>, and <Ounganjigok>. The main idea is a appreciation and prayer to the subject who gives a good fortune and celebration of object. And it expresses the cleanliness and sincereness and exposes the mind of refrainment. The object of Sajik ancestral ritual converges to Hoto, that is woman, Mother Earth God. Because Hoto (Mother Earth God) manages crop production, it functions as the object of worship with Hujiksin (Grain God), which is on the basis of the idea of fertility and has connotation of it. As a result, Sajik God is Mother Earth God and Grain God, and originally the ritual for them. But Sajik has showed near its masculinization from generation to generation. Actually, Sajik meets the principle of fertility, and the semantic network or symbolism of sajikseong has settled in various fields. It is importantly considered in this regard. Also Sajik ancestral ritual need to be studied because it contains comprehensive aspects such as literature, history, music, dance, costume, food, ritual.