佛家 自傳의 성격과 서술유형의 고찰 - 有一, 草广, 梵海의 自傳을 중심으로 -

Abstract

The cases in autobiographic writing had been integrated in Buddhist association since Goryeo period, were not a few. However autobiography, which made an idea of ego go ahead, and the self entered upon the entity in description, couldn't be met until reaching the middle years of Joseon period. Hyujeong(休靜)'s Sammongrok(三夢錄) is not unreasonable to be regarded as a model of Buddhist association autobiography. That is because a type is not different from Yuga(儒家)'s biography(傳), but is minutely delivering the contents that cannot be omitted in life of Buddhist monk such as an anecdote in the mundane world, situation before and after entering the Buddhist priesthood, and trace toward ascetic exercises and Nirvana attainment. Given reaching the latter term of Joseon period, the autobiographies appear that succeed Sammongrok(三夢錄) such as <Jabohaengeop(自譜行業)>, <Samhawjeon(三花傳)>, <Jaseojeon(自序傳)>. Heroes result in characters who give priority to the topic of conversation with saying of attaining truth upward and civilizing human beings downward, but are seen to be expressing self in diverse methods without being bound to any descriptive type. In other words, Yuil(有一)'s Jabohaengeop(自譜行業) comes to be seen to make it a rule to have a writing principle as recording a fact, which had been happened, without omission, not the disordered narration as if aiming at a chronicle of short and simple narration. Compared to it, <Samhawjeon(三花傳)> written by Choeom(草广) is taking the form of Jatakjeon(自托傳) that is difficult to be found a similar example in a Buddhist association. However, as <Samhawjeon(三花傳)> amplifies a doubt first about who the hero is on earth in a story, by entrusting a speaker oneself to a flower, it seems to be the descriptive method that was selected in order to make it remembered that life is untransparent unavailable for being prescribed by anything. Finally, as Beomhae(梵海)'s <Jaseojeon(自序傳)> is a work that gave a thought to two functions in Jajeon(自傳) and Jaseo(自序), it attracts attention because of importantly accepting the experience of a traveler´s journal to a country while spreading a story centering on a relation to Buddhism, trace of sightseeing, and track of propagating Buddhism. Given being able to arrange three pieces of autobiography within Buddhist association in the above as the works that pointed positively to own descriptive method, it will need to be said to be the phenomenon that is not unrelated to the conditions of the dimension of Buddhist association, whose mode had not been solidified, like Confucian scholars(儒者)' Jajeon(自傳).