국어교과서와 ‘(국)문학’ 이데올로기 - 4차 교육과정기 국어교과서의 ‘국문학사’ 인식 및 수록 작품을 중심으로

Abstract

In the 4th curriculum period(Dec. 1981~Jun. 1987), the texts in ‘Korean’ textbook are serving in allowing national culture and Korean to be essential. The Korean textbook was the thoroughly gendered text. Important branches of textbook are formed by the rhetorical writing and the expository writing of being emphasized masculine rationality, by the knowledge(learning) in ‘firm’ shape, and by the nationalistic vision of being suggested with male patriot's voice as well as the simple dimension as saying that the majority of writers in textbook texts are men. ‘Literature’ is performing a role of contributing emotionally to such ‘masculine’ national culture and nationalistic vision. ‘Literature’ as the aesthetic text is reduced. On the other hand, the weight of ‘(Korean) literature history’ as knowledge increased. The knowledges related to Korean literature history such as Jo Yun-jae, who emphasizes continuity of Korean-alphabet literature by having Chinese literature as the other, as the discussion of Jeong Byeong-uk, who makes it essence for the shape of the main agent, which accepts a foreign thought creatively, and as the writing of Kim Yun-sik, who lays the cornerstone of ideology in national literature by emphasizing continuity of Korean literature, specify the shape of national literature history as the progress that has realized modernity itself based on the internal development theory and the theory of the embryo of capitalism since the 1960s. Narrators in Korean literature history aimed to restore heritage of Korean and the Korean alphabet, which were abandoned in the culture of centering on Chinese writing. As well as the discussion of Jo Yun-jae, Jeong Byeong-uk and Kim Yun-sik, 「oral literature and record literature」 in Jang Deok-sun, who emphasizes on oral language and literature, are one of accurate cases of showing the aspect that a flow of romanticism-based humanities is institutionalized in the academic circles since the 1970s. ‘Korean literature(history)’ in the Korean textbook was keeping ideology of literature together as culture of pursuing universal ideal at the same time while functioning as ideology of national creation based on national literature. ‘Literature’ ideology, which was based on culture of pursuing freedom fundamentally in the Korean textbook into which the national ideology was penetrated, did need to be removed or trimmed sprouts. The specific literary works, which address the theme called genuineness and transcendence, which is selected to be recorded in real textbook, are cases of circumstantially proving this.