태권도지도자의 변혁적-거래적 리더십과 선수만족과의 관계

Abstract

This study set out to investigate the impacts of the satisfaction of players, a moderate variable, in the relations between the instructors' transformational-transactional leadership and to further identify the desirable types of leadership that could improve the satisfaction of players. The population was the entire list of high school and college taekwondo players registered at Korea Taekwondo Association as of 2008. Using stratified cluster random sampling, a total of 1,000 players were sampled that competed in the high school or college category at the 38th National Taekwondo Group Tournament to win the medal of the head of the association or in the college category at the 35th National Taekwondo Tournament for College Students. As for methodology, the investigator personally distributed the questionnaires in tandem with three researchers that received training in advance. The subjects were asked to fill them out in a self-administrative method. After excluding the questionnaires whose answers were not sincere or were missing, a total of 923 (92.3%) were used in the study as valid samples. The general characteristics of the collected data were examined with frequency analysis. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to test the questionnaire's validity. Cronbach's α was obtained for reliability analysis. Correlation analysis was followed to investigate the relations among the variables. And multiple regression analysis was carried out to investigate the influences of taekwondo instructors' leadership on the satisfaction of players. The level of statistical significance was set at p<.05. The findings led to the following conclusions: First, charisma and intellectual stimulation of the elements of taekwondo instructors' transformational leadership had positive impacts on the players' satisfaction with exercise; and motivation, charisma, and intellectual stimulation had positive impacts on their satisfaction with life and negative impacts on their negative satisfaction. Secondly, conditional reward of the elements of taekwondo instructors' transactional leadership had positive impacts on the players' satisfaction with exercise and life; and conditional reward and exceptional management had negative impacts on their negative satisfaction. In short, the results imply that there should be the right leadership styles established in order to inspire taekwondo players' satisfaction. In addition, the most desirable approach will be to build a mutually supplementary system of cooperation among the instructors, players, and schools in order to maximize the efficiency of taekwondo teams.