임진왜란 관련 조선 기록 속 왜장(倭將)의 형상과 그 의미: 고니시 유키나가(小西行長)와 가토 기요마사(加藤淸正)의 경우

Abstract

This article focuses on the figures and meaning of the “Japanese General” Konishi Yukinaga and Katō Kiyomasa in Joseon's records of the Imjin War, and explores the pattern and meaning of the two figures. The two Japanese are the representatives of the country that started the war and the parties who instilled collective trauma in Joseon. However it was confirmed that the figures of the two Japanese generals reproduced in the Joseon record were not reproduced in a negative way, and that there were records of objective and positive description of the two Japanese generals. To understand the background of these cases and to understand its meaning, this article reviewed the Joseon records related to the Imjin War where the the two generals are mentioned in consideration of the order in which events and records are established. As a result of examining the figures and characteristics of the Japanese general, in the case of Yukinaga, until the middle of the war, his character maintains the figure of a ‘pacifism diplomat’ under the influence of Ming's diplomat. On the verge of Jeong-yu War, due to the deceptional event occured, it changes into a negative ‘schemer’ figure. In the case of Kiyomasa, because of his contrasting moves against Yukinaga during the war, he is described as a figure of ‘warlike warrior’, but described as a ‘generous general’ in some postwar records. This may have been formed in contrast to Guk Gyeong-in, the traitor of Joseon, however, it is possible that it was embodied in connection with the elimination of the sins of Kim Gwi-young and Hwang Jung-wook, who served the prince during the war. On the other hand, in relation to the persecution of Catholics in the late 18th century, it is noticeable that there was a case in which these Japanese generals were depicted as Catholics instead of war enemies in Park Ji-won's writing. The figures of Japanese generals in the record had to be changed in necessity to respond to the reality that the People of Chosun Dynasty were faced during or after the war.