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온라인 구전이 제품태도 형성에 미치는 영향에서 자기조절자원의 조절효과 분석

The Moderating Effect of Self-Regulatory Resources on the Relationship between the Online Word-of-Mouth and Product Attitude

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주제분류심리과학

초록

온라인 구매 시, 소비자는 다른 소비자들이 구매 후 작성한 온라인 구전을 이용하여 의사결정을 한다. 그러나 때때로 많은 구전 정보는 오히려 소비자의 비합리적인 의사결정 결과를 불러일으키고 있다. 이는 온라인 제품정보 탐색 및 구전정보 확인에 매우 많은 에너지를 소모하다보니 정작 합리적 의사결정을 위해 필요한 인지적 자원들은 얼마 남지 않기 때문이다. 이런 현상은 최근 이론적으로 활발하게 연구되고 있는 자기조절자원(self-regulatory resource)의 소모(depletion)로 인한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 이 자원이 소모될 경우, 사람은 충동적인 성향이 강화되어 휴리스틱(heuristic)한 방식으로 의사결정을 하게 된다. 온라인 구매상황에서는 온라인 구전 또한 소비자의 제품 태도 형성에 매우 중요한 외재적 단서로서 이런 자기조절자원의 소모 여부에 따라 구전 민감도와 제품 태도가 다르게 나타난다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 자기조절자원이 소모되었을 때 온라인 구전이 소비자의 제품 태도 형성에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 연구 1과 연구 2에서 수학적 과제와 복잡한 제품선택 과제를 통해 자기조절자원을 소모시켰으며, 이에 따라 방향성을 가진 온라인 구전이 제품태도형성에 미치는 영향력을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 수학적 과제를 통해 자기조절자원이 소모된 소비자는 소모되지 않은 소비자보다 긍정적 구전 또는 부정적 구전에 더 민감하게 반응하여, 구전의 방향성에 따라 제품태도가 더 심하게 변화하였다. 또한 복잡한 제품선택상황에 있는 소비자 역시 자기조절자원의 많은 소모로 인해 긍정적 구전 또는 부정적 구전에 더 영향을 받아 제품태도를 형성하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 학문적 및 실무적 시사점을 제시한다.

Abstract

Online consumer review is a key factor for potential consumer which plays a important role in evaluating & making choice a product. Also many firms are taking advantage of online consumer review as a new marketing tool. However, a large amount of online review makes consumers deplete their self-regulatory resource & renders them vulnerable to irrational decision making. This article explores how depleted self-regulatory resources impact consumer's response to online review by conducting two experiments. In experiment 1, we asked participants to solve a cognitive task for the purpose of manipulation to deplete self-resources, & examined the differential effects of online review direction(positive vs. negative) on product evaluation. In addition, a series of studies suggest that the sequential choice may itself drain some of the self's precious resource, thereby leaving the executive function less capable of carrying out its other activities. Based on these recent articles, in experiment 2, we examined the influence of online review on consumer's product evaluation in accordance with depleted resources through decision contexts. These finding suggests that in the first experiment, depleted participants have more favorable attitude than non-depleted participants when positive online reviews are represented, however, depleted participants have less favorable attitude than non-depleted participants when negative online reviews are represented. In the second experiment, complex choice context depleted self-regulatory resources as well as difficult cognitive task. Therefore, participants who experienced complex choice context were susceptible to affect positive review & have more favorable attitude than others who made easy choices. Similar to the results of Study 1, they also seems to be sensitive to negative review & have worse product evaluation when negative review & neutral review were presented simultaneously. Based on the findings, the theoretical & managerial implication are then discussed.

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