45일 vs. 1달 15일:단일단위와 복합단위의 기간 제시와 소비자 자기통제
45 Days vs. 1 Month and 15 Days:Single-Unit or Mixed-Unit Time Frame and Consumer Self-Control
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본 논문은 기간단위의 제시방법에 따른 기간지각의 차이가 소비자의 자기통제에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 기존의 단위효과 연구들은 동일한 정보에 대한 지각이 제시되는 단위에 따라 달라지는 단위효과를 보여주었다. 본 연구는 소비자의 기간지각에 초점을 두어, 기존 문헌에서 다루지 않았던 동일한 기간을 표현하는 단위의 개수가 소비자의 기간지각과 자기통제에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 구체적으로, 동일한 기간을 하나의 단위를 사용하여 ‘단일단위’로 제시하는 경우(예, 45일)와 두 개의 단위를 사용하여 ‘복합단위’로 제시하는 경우(예, 1달 15일)에 나타나는 기단단위의 제시효과를 소비자의 자기통제 문제와 관련된 두 개의 의사결정상황에서 확인하고자 하였다. 본 논문은 복합단위로 제시된 기간이 비연속적인 기간들로 범주화되어 지각될 수 있음에 주목하여 두 기간의 합을 하나의 기간보다 더 길게 지각하는 준가법적 할인효과를 이론적 근거로 제시하였다. 첫 번째 의사결정상황은 시점간 선호(실증연구 1)로 지연된 시간이 복합단위로 제시될 경우에 단일단위로 제시될 경우보다 더 많은 보상을 희망하는 것으로 나타났다. 두 번째 의사결정상황은 목표추구 상황(실증연구 2)으로 기간단위의 제시방법이 잔여목표량 지각에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 실험 결과 목표와 관련된 기간정보가 단일단위로 제시될 경우보다 복합단위로 제시될 경우에 잔여목표량을 더 길게 지각하였다. 기간단위의 제시방법이 목표와 관련된 기간의 평가에 미치는 영향은 목표의 자기관련성이 높은 실험참여자들에게서 크게 나타났다.
Abstract
This research examines the influence of perceived time affected by time unit framing on consumer self-control. Prior research on unit effect focuses on whether numerical information is presented in small units or in large units and compares the difference in consumers’ decision making based on the numerosity. The purpose of this research is to examine the time unit framing effect, which has not been tested in the existing literature. Specifically, we investigated the time unit framing effect when the same period of time is presented either in mixed-unit time frame (e.g., 1 month and 15 days) or in single-unit time frame (e.g., 45 days). The theoretical explanation for the unit framing effect is based on the phenomenon that people categorize the time presented with mixed-unit frame in discrete periods of time and the subadditive discounting effect, where a time interval broken into subintervals is perceived to be longer than a single time interval. This research tests the time unit framing effect in two different decision-making situations requiring self-control. The first decision-making situation, intertemporal preference, was tested in Study 1. The results showed that satisfactory rewards were higher when delayed time interval was presented in mixed-unit time frame than in single-unit time frame. The second decision-making situation, goal pursuit, was tested in Study 2. We examined the influence of time unit presentation on the perception of remaining goal. Participants reported higher perception of remaining goal when goal-related information was presented in mixed-unit (vs. single-unit) frame. The effect of time unit framing on the evaluation of goal-related time was stronger in participants with higher goal self-relevance.
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