한국판 선망 척도 개발 및 타당화 연구
Development and Validation of the Korean Version of the Envy Scale
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초록
본 연구는 선망을 단일 요인으로 다루고 있는 기존의 선망 척도와는 다르게 선망을 무해한 선망(benign envy)과 악의적인 선망(malicious envy)으로 구분하는 한국판 선망 척도(The Korean Version of the Envy Scale)를 개발하고 타당화하고자 수행되었다. 총 450명의 응답을 대상으로 한 탐색적, 확인적 요인분석 결과 한국판 선망 척도는 총 12개 항목의 2 요인으로 구성된 척도임이 지지되었다. 이어 한국판 선망 척도의 수렴 및 변별 타당도 검증을 위해 실시한 상관 분석 결과, 사회 비교 경향성은 두 가지 선망 모두와 정적인 상관을 보였고 성공에 대한 희망은 무해한 선망과 정적 상관이 있었으며, 실패에 대한 두려움은 무해한 선망과 부적 상관을 보이는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 내적 통제는 무해한 선망과 정적 상관, 악의적 선망과 부적 상관을, 외적 통제는 악의적 선망과 정적 상관을 보였으며, 불공정한 세상에 대한 믿음은 악의적 선망과 정적 상관이 있었다. 마지막으로 한국판 선망 척도의 준거 관련 타당도를 검증하기 위해 3가지 시나리오를 이용한 상관분석을 통해 한국판 선망 척도의 준거 관련 타당도를 확보하였다. 본 연구는 선행 연구들의 개념적 정의를 포괄하여 두 가지 유형의 선망의 조작적 정의와 구성개념을 확인하며, 소비자의 행동 반응에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 선망의 개인차를 측정할 수 있는 척도를 한국판으로 개발 및 타당화 하였다는 점과 국내 선망 연구의 확장에 기여하였다는 점에 그 의의가 있다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to develop and validate the Korean version of the envy scale, which categorized envy into benign envy and malicious envy, unlike the existing ones that dealt with envy as a single factor. A series of factor analyses confirmed that the Korean Envy Scale was a 12-item self-report measure and consisted of two separate latent constructs. In detail, according to a correlation analysis conducted to verify convergent and discriminant validities, social comparison tendencies had a positive correlation with each types of envy. It was also confirmed that benign envy was positively correlated with hope of success and negatively correlated with fear of failure. In addition, results showed that inner control was positively correlated with benign envy and negatively correlated with malicious envy whereas external control was only positively correlated with malicious envy. It was also found that belief in an unjust world was negatively correlated with malicious envy. Finally, a correlation analysis using three envy-inducing scenarios properly secured the criterion-related validity of the Korean version of the envy scale. Findings of the study contributed to the development of measuring individual differences in envy deeply related to consumer behaviors and to the expansion of research on envy.
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