연령에 따른 창의적 사고와 창의적 성격의 발달경향
Developmental Trends of Creative Thinking and Personality by Age Differences
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본 연구에서는 연령에 따라서 창의적 사고와 창의적 성격이 어떻게 발달하는지를 알아보고, 두 변인 간의 관계를 확인하고자 한다. 초등학교 2학년부터 대학생까지를 연구대상으로 하였고, 창의적 사고력은 TTCT, 창의적 성격은 WKOPAY로 측정하였다. 결과는 창의적 사고와 창의적 성격 모두 학년에 따라 비연속적인 발달형태를 나타났다. 첫째, 창의적 사고력은 연령에 따라 차이가 있었고, 정점과 최하점이 되는 시점이 나타났다. 둘째, 창의적 성격은 연령에 따라 차이가 있었고, 권위의 수용에서 더욱 뚜렷한 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 창의적 사고력과 창의적 성격은 정적 상관으로 나타났다. 특히 권위의 수용과 타인에 대한 의식은 아이디어의 유창성, 융통성, 독창성과는 부적 상관으로 나타났다. 그리고 창의적 사고력 지수와 3가지 요인은 탐구심과 정적 상관으로 나타났으나 자신감, 적극적 상상과는 거의 상관이 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 연구결과를 가지고 인지발달수준과 문화, 사고의 태도를 중심으로 논의하였다. 본 연구는 학습자의 성장에 따른 창의력의 잠재력과 수행을 예언하고 학습장면에서 창의적 수행의 손실을 줄이고자 하는데 의의가 있다.
Abstract
This study has been established with two fold purpose: The first one investigate developmental trends in the creative thinking and personality of age, and the second one aimed at explore how they were related to each other. Participants included 194 from 2th grade in elementary school students through university students. The instruments used in this study were TTCT(Torrance Tests of Creativity Thinking)and WKOPAY(What Kind of Person Are You?). The results showed that the developmental trends of creative thinking and creative personality were revealed curve-linear shape. First, creative thinking showed age-related changes. The curve of creative thinking is appeared one peak and two troughs. Second, creative personality was showed age-related changes, but they didn't show significance difference of age. There are acceptance of authority which was marked striking results. Third, creative thinking and creative personality were positive related. Expecially, acceptance of authority and awareness of others had significant negative correlations with fluency, flexibility and originality. Creative thinking and 3 factors had significant positive correlations with inquisitiveness. But they had little correlations with self-confidence, disciplined imagination. The results obtained were discussed in reference to level of cognition development, affective process and culture. This study is describe the development of creative potential and performance and cut down their losses.
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