『정토론』의 실천체계와 유가행

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to study belief in Pure Land Buddhism and the practice of the five anu-smṛti (五念門, five gates of mindfulness), which lead one to the Pure Land. In addition, I will try to clarify the relationship between the practice of the five anu-smṛti and Yogacara. First, let’s look at the practice system presented in the Treatise on the Pure Land (淨土論). The bodhisattva path begins with belief (śraddhā) in the teachings of the Buddha. Afterward, one begins practicing the five anu-smṛti (五念門), which are: worshiping, chanting, making a wish (作願 = śamatha), observing (vipaśyāna) and returning to the world. This is the fivefold practice that leads to rebirth in the Pure Land. This doctrine was developed by Vasubandhu (世親) in his Treatise on the Pure Land. Second, the relationship between practice of the five anu-smṛti and Yogācāra is that the five anu-smṛti can be included in the category of paramīta in Yogācāra. Practice of the five anu-smṛti is clearly organized in the teachings of Pure Land Buddhism. In the background of the fivefold practice, however, there are other Yogācāra practices such as those for the ten types of dharma-cāra. Therefore, I assert that Vasubandhu formulated a new doctrinal method that combined the teachings of Pure Land Buddhism and Yogācāra Buddhism.