정토교의 수행방법론

Abstract

The most essential element of the Pure Land practice is the faith on the Pure Land of Happiness(極樂淨土)and Amita Buddha, which makes it possible to acknowledge rebirth in paradise(極樂往生) and enlightenment. First of all, this article contemplates faith(信), vow(願) and a Buddhist memorial(回向) focusing on JiSyimSinYoYokSaengAhGookNaeJiSyipNyum(至心信樂欲生我國乃至十念) in 『MooRyangSooGyung(無量壽經)』. In fact, all the Buddhist practices can be thought to be already completed only with sincere faith. Secondly, this is the easiest way for people with no religious conviction or the dying to practice. Only listening to the words Amita Buddha enables people who recite it for rebirth in paradise. Third, the practice of the invocation is the one that represents all the practices taught in Pure Land sect. The Buddhist invocation of the names of Buddhas(稱名念佛) is examined in this article focusing on NaeJiSyipNyum(乃至十念). Fourth, the invocation practice is the most common Buddhist practice that is performed in Korean Buddhism. This is especially advocated by people who follow Seon practice of Buddhism. This article attempted to classify it into GwanNyumYumBul(觀念念佛), SeonJeongYumBul(禪定念佛), and YumBulGongAn(念佛公案), which come under GwanChalMoon(觀察門). Fifth, repentance(懺悔) and Buddhist commandments(持戒) are examined. Buddhist rituals and bows are the most common ways of repentance and commandments such as five commandments(五戒), eight commandments(八齋戒), GooJock commandments(具足戒). There is a wide variety of Pure Land practices from the faith on Pure Land which is the easiest way, to MyungMoon(聞名) and ChingNyum(稱念), and to GwanNyum(觀念), YumBoolSeon(念佛禪), repentance(懺悔) and commandments(持戒). As described above, this Pure Land practice can be the most suitable practice for modern people as a way of practicing Buddhism with no hindrance of time and space.