佛敎儀禮에 나타난 眞言의 언어구성요소 고찰

Abstract

This thesis deals with linguistic and contextual elements about constituents of Mantras involved in Korean Buddhist Ceremonial canons and Dictionary of Mantras, Dictionary of Tibetan esoteric Mantras and Mantra’s book etc. To understand Mantras, we should apprehend additional words, case of nouns and conjugation of verbs and various constituent sentences. Among those, the additional words include om hūm, he, phaṭ etc. and appear in the beginning or end of a sentence. The mantra sentence also begins with om, namaḥ in Mantras of The Thousand Hands’ Sutra and other Buddhist ritual canons. When we look at the grammar, the nouns of Mantra are mostly used as the vocative and dative. The vocative is the words used for calling Buddhas, Bodhisattvas etc. for naming and admiration. And the dative is used in worship and refuge to them as transcribed words like ‘-āya, te, aye, ānām, ebhyaḥ.’ Objects of the dative words are Buddhas, Bodhisattvas, all kind of Devas and their other names and conceptualizations. Especially, we should consider the same noun endings and divide them into the vocative and imperative because of the same form. The verb form of Mantras is important to know the imperative used as the second, third single and plural. The Mantra composes of one word, one phrase, one sentence, and several sentences, and more. The right translation of Mantras helps us to understand Buddhist Mantras unknown to everybody and contents of Buddhist Ceremony. In order to understand this, we should study the origin of Buddhist Mantras, compare Sanskrit, Tibetan, and Chinese Mantras, and translate these.