한국불교 의례진언의 특수성 -호신진언(護身真言), 화취진언(火聚真言)을 중심으로 -

Abstract

The Dharani that protects the body(護身真言) adopted in the Hangul mantra (Jin-eon-jip) is the simplest and consists of only “om” and a single seed. The Dharani that protects the clothes that cover the body (護身被甲真言) was included in Hangul mantra starting from the Ansimsa manuscript, and it is thought to have been circulated in Korean Buddhism through Jebanmun (Jebanmun), Milgyo Gaeganjip (Milkyo Gaegan-jip), and the Yujeomsa manuscript’s Josanggyeong (Josanggyeong). The Hangul mantra included Dharani that transforms the body (化身真言) starting from the Ansimsa manuscript, and added it under the name Chulshilji (出悉地) from the Manyeonsa manuscript onward. The Hwaeui Jineon Dharani that transforms clothes(化衣真言) is included in the Hangul Mantra Collection, as well as in the 『Suyuksujaeui-gwi』 and 『Beomeumsanbojip』, but the name ‘Hwaeui Jineon’ cannot be found in the Tripitaka Koreana. The name Dharani praying to a pile of fire (火聚真言) can be interpreted as ‘a mantra that prays to a pile of fire.’ The name ‘Hwachui Jineon’ is only used in Korean Buddhism, but the mantra of expulsion of sin (出罪方便) described in the 『Daeilgyeong』 can be cited as its basis. In the first published version of the Joseon Dynasty, the Yongcheonsa version (1575) of the Josanggyeong recorded the contents of the expulsion method mantra as “a mantra to recite while thinking of the Buddha as a fire cluster (火聚).” Later, the Neunggasa version of the Josanggyeong (1697) gave this mantra the title ‘Hwachwijineon.’ This was incorporated into Hangul mantra collections starting with the Manyeonsa version (1777), and was fixed as the ‘Hwachwijineon’ in versions such as the Milgyo Gaeganjip, the Yujeomsa version of the Josanggyeong, and the Japanese colonial-era version of the Seokmun Uibeom. In these editions of each era, we can also see the trend of efforts to make the Korean spelling match the original pronunciation of the mantra.