청소년의 내재화 문제행동이 학교적응에 미치는 영향에서 또래 의사소통의 매개효과와 전문가 상담의 조절된 매개효과
The Mediating Effect of Peer Communication and the Moderated Mediating Effect of Professional Counseling on the Impact of Adolescents’Internalized Problem Behaviors on School Adjustment
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본 연구에서는 청소년의 내재화 문제행동이 학교적응에 미치는 영향에서 또래 의사소통의 매개효과와 전문가 상담의 조절된 매개효과를 검증하는데 연구의 목적이 있었다．중학교 1학년을 대상으로 한 한국아동패널의 14차년도 데이터를 활용하였으며, 최종적으로 1,017명의 데이터를 분석하였다. SPSS Win 24.0 ver 과 SPSS PROCESS macro 4.2 ver(4번，7번 모델) 을 이용하여 신뢰도분석, 빈도분석, 상관관계분석, 매개효과, 조절된 매개효과 분석을 하였다. 첫째, 청소년의 내재화 문제행동은 낮은 수준인 반면 또래 의사소통과 학교적응은 상대적으로 높은 수준이었다. 둘째, 청소년의 내재화 문제행동이 학교적응에 미치는 영향을 또래 의사소통이 완전 매개하였다. 셋째, 청소년의 내재화 문제행동이 또래 의사소통을 경유하여 학교적응에 미치는 영향을 전문가 상담이 조절 매개하였다. 전문가 상담을 받은 집단은 내재화 문제행동이 높아져도 또래 의사소통이 향상되지만, 전문가 상담을 받지 않은 집단은 내재화 문제행동이 높아질수록 또래 의사소통은 감소하였다. 본 연구는 청소년의 내재화 문제행동과 학교적응 간 관계에서 또래 의사소통의 매개효과와 전문가 상담의 조절된 매개효과를 규명한 데 의의가 있다. 다만, 2차 자료인 한국아동패널의 제한점을 고려할 때, 향후 심층면접을 통한 질적 연구가 필요하다.
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of peer communication and the moderated mediation effect of professional counseling in the relationship between adolescents’ internalizing problem behaviors and school adjustment. The 14th wave data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS), focusing on first-year middle school students, were used, and a total of 1,017 cases were analyzed. Reliability analysis, frequency analysis, correlation analysis, mediation analysis, and moderated mediation analysis were conducted using SPSS Win 24.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro version 4.2 (Model 4 and Model 7). First, while the level of internalizing problem behaviors among adolescents was relatively low, peer communication and school adjustment were at high levels. Second, peer communication fully mediated the relationship between adolescents’ internalizing problem behaviors and school adjustment. Third, the effect of adolescents’ internalizing problem behaviors on school adjustment through peer communication was moderated by whether they had received professional counseling. In the group that received professional counseling, peer communication improved even when internalizing problem behaviors increased, whereas in the group that did not receive counseling, peer communication decreased as internalizing problem behaviors increased., and this indirect effect was significant only for those who had not received counseling. This study is meaningful in that it identified the mediating role of peer communication and the moderated mediation effect of professional counseling in the relationship between adolescents’ internalizing problem behaviors and school adjustment. However, considering the limitations of using secondary data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey, future studies should adopt qualitative approaches, such as in-depth interviews, to further explore the importance of professional counseling.