집단 따돌림이 청소년기 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향-내면화 문제행동, 또래기술 및 자기존중감의 매개 중재 효과-
The Effects of Bullying on School Adjustment of Adolescent-Mediating and Moderating Effects of Internalizing Problem Behaviors, Peer Relational Skills, and Self-esteem-
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학교장면에서의 집단 따돌림 현상은 정서장애, 대인관계 문제, 학업실패를 비롯한 여러 심리사회 부적응을 유발하는 부정적인 또래경험이다. 본 연구에서는 집단 따돌림 피해 현상과 관련 있는 것으로 알려진 심리사회변인 가운데 개인의 내면화 문제행동 및 또래관계기술이 집단 따돌림으로부터 학교적응으로 이어지는 경로를 매개해주는지를 살펴보고, 자기존중감이 이 과정을 중재해주는지를 살펴보았다. 492명의 남녀중학생을 대상으로 따돌림 피해, 내면화 문제행동, 또래관계기술, 자기존중감, 학교적응 수준을 측정하고, 내면화 문제행동, 또래관계기술의 매개효과 및 자기존중감의 중재효과를 살펴보았다. 연구결과 따돌림 피해점수상 상위 50%에 해당하는 학생들은 하위 50% 학생들에 비해 학교적응, 자기존중감, 또래관계기술이 낮았으며, 내면화 문제행동은 유의미하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 경로분석 결과 따돌림 피해는 내면화 문제행동 및 또래관계기술을 매개로 학교부적응으로 이어지는 것으로 나타났고, 이 과정에서 내면화 문제행동의 매개효과는 자기존중감에 의해 중재되는 것으로 나타났다. 학교장면의 따돌림 피해 현상을 이해함에 있어 본 연구결과의 의의, 본 연구에서 가정한 경로모형의 유의미성, 매개효과 및 중재효과에 대한 논의가 포함되었다.
Abstract
Bullying in school is a negative peer experience which involves emotional difficulties, interpersonal problems, and school failure. In the present study, we focused on individual internalizing problem behaviour and peer relational skills, the psycho-social factors known to be related to the bullying. We examined they mediate the path from bullying experience to school adjustment and self-esteem moderates this process. Research participants were 492 middle school students. The levels of bullying, internalizing problem behaviour, peer relational skills, self-esteem, school adjustment of participants were measured. We examined the mediating effect of internalizing problem behaviour and peer relational skills and the moderating effect of self-esteem. The result showed that by bullying victimization score, upper 50% students has lower scores in school adjustment, self-esteem, peer relational skills and higher scores in internalizing problem behaviour compared with lower 50% students. Result of path analysis indicated that internalizing problem behaviour and peer relational skills mediated the path from the bullying to school adjustment and during this process, self-esteem moderated the mediating effects of internalizing problem behaviour. Implication of this study, significance of the assumed path-model, discussion on mediation effect and moderation effect are included.
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