개발도상국의 FDI유입에 대한 결정요인 분석
The Determinants of FDI to Developing Countries : A Panel Data Analysis, 2000-2009
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초록
개발도상국가의 FDI유입에 대한 결정요인을 개발도상국가의 발전(소득)정도에 따라 중간소득 개발도상국가와 저개발 국가로 나누어 비교분석 하였다. 중간소득의 개발도상국은 부패지수가 낮을수록,인터넷 전용회선 가입율이 높을수록, 중등교육 등록율이 낮을수록 그리고 연료수출비중이 낮을수록 FDI유입이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 최빈국으로 볼 수 있는 저개발국가들은 인플레이션이 낮을수록,개방도가 높을수록,1인당 국민소득이 낮을수록, ODA비중이 낮을수록 FDI유입이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 중간소득의 개발도상국가로는 단순 노동의 제조업 FDI가 유입되고 저개발국가의 경우는 원조성격을 띤 FDI가 유입되기 때문에 FDI결정요인에 차이가 나타나는 것으로 보인다.
Abstract
The objective of this study is to examine the determinants of foreign direct investment(FDI) in middle and low income developing countries. In order to undertake this study, I employed the fixed effect model based on the panel data for 55 middle and 68 low income developing countries during 2000-2009. Two empirical findings resulted from comparing the middle-income with low-income developing countries. First, there were five determinants that have significant impact on inward FDI in the middle-income developing countries which include: a lower corruption perception index (CPI), higher fixed broadband internet subscribers, lower fuel export ratio, and lower secondary enrollment rate. Second, there were four determinants that have significant impact on inward FDI in the low-income developing countries which include: a lower inflation rate,higher openness, lower GNI per capita and lower official development assistance. This implies that the FDI is being invested into unskilled labor intensive industries in the middle-income developing countries, however,it appears that the FDI is being partially substituted as a development assistance for the low-income developing countries
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