부패 수준에 따른 개발도상국의 외국인 직접투자와 해외송금의 상관관계 분석
Analysis of Correlation between FDI and Remittances in the Developing Countries According to the Corruption Level
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초록
1995년부터 2010년까지 122개 개발도상국을 부패 수준에 따라 구분하고 외국인 직접투자의 유입과 해외송금 사이의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 부패 수준과 해외송금 사이에는 양(+)의 상관관계가 존재하여, 부패 수준이 높을수록 외국인 직접투자에 비해서 해외송금 유입이 증가하는 것으로 나타났고, 부패 수준이 높은 국가일수록 외국인 직접투자에 비해서 해외송금에 의존하는 경향이 뚜렷한 것으로 분석되었다. 반면에 경제규모가 증가할수록, 1인당 소득이 높은 국가일수록, 그리고 경제성장 속도가 빠른 국가일수록, 외국인 직접투자가 해외 송금에 비해서 상대적으로 더 크게 유입되는 경향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 외국인 직접투자 유치를 확대하고 해외송금을 생산적인 용도로 사용하기 위해서는 부패로 인한 정부 정책의 자의성을 줄이는 제도적 선결조건이 필요하다.
Abstract
In this paper, we analyze empirically the relationship among the corruption level, foreign direct investment (FDI), and remittance inflows for developing countries. The main concern of the paper is to investigate whether or not the dependency of remittances in terms of FDI, expressed the ratio of remittances to FDI inflows, increases as corruption level of developing countries becomes high. Using the FDI, remittances inflows, corruption level for 122 developing countries the paper found that the coefficient of the corruption level variable is shown to have positive sign and significant at the conventional level. This result reveals that when the corruption level becomes high for developing countries, the dependency of remittances in terms of FDI increases. The other control variables such that economic size measured by GDP, GDP per capita, growth rate of GDP appeared to have negative signs and statistically significant in explaining the ratio of remittances to FDI. The policy implication can be drawn is that in order to achieve the economic growth by attracting FDI and maximize the positive effect of remittances, it is essential for developing countries to enhance the quality of institutions and to monitor the corruption.
참고문헌 (16)
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