상업 콘텐츠 전송 네트워크의 서버 위치 결정에 관한 분석
Server Location Choice Problem of Commercial CDN(Content Delivery Network)
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초록
콘텐츠 전송 네트워크(content delivery network, CDN)란, 콘텐츠 복사본이 저장된 서버를 분산·설치하고 요청에 따라 가장 근접한 지점에서 데이터를 전송함으로써 인터넷 사용자가 효과적으로 콘텐츠를 이용하도록 지원하는 기술이다. 오늘날 절반 이상의 인터넷 트래픽이 CDN으로 운반되는 만큼 CDN 성능을 결정하는 핵심요소인 서버 배치 관련 논의가 다양하게 진행되었으나, 이에 대한 경제학적 검증은 이루어지지 않은 실정이다. 본 연구는 그동안 체계적으로 수집된 바 없는 상업 CDN 기업의 국제 네트워크 지도를 통해 선행 연구들의 직관을 계량적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과, 일관적으로 기업의 서버 구축 유인을 설명하는 요인이 국가의 절대적 인터넷 속도가 아닌 사용자 체감 속도임을 확인하였으며, 다양한 인터넷 서비스 업자와 동시에 연결 가능한 인터넷 연동 지점의 서버 호스팅 비용 절감 효과가 동종 사업자의 집결에 따른 경쟁 효과를 상쇄한다는 결론을 내릴 수 있었다. 그 외에도, 국가 및 기업별 특성이 상업 CDN 기업의 시장 진입에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 선행 연구와 연계한 해석을 시도하였다.
Abstract
By distributing multiple cache servers, content delivery network(CDN) reduces latency in data transmission and enhances quality of experience of Internet users. Many studies argued that server placement is one of the most critical determinants of CDN performance, but only few economic studies had been done regarding to the subject. This paper aims to introduce empirical economic analysis for commercial CDN firms' strategic cache server location choice to verify the intuitions about server distribution determinants. A simple logit model is used for the estimation with some reasonable assumptions. The results suggest that CDN firms are likely to distribute cache servers in a country with low user-perceived internet performance, but not on a site with slow absolute connection speed. It is also confirmed that the cost reducing effect of internet exchange points overwhelms the competition effect among CDN firms.
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