정의로운 평화와 “민에 의한 통일”- 심원 안병무 선생의 통일이론

Abstract

In the article I have investigated 1) the relationship of justice and peace in the Minjung theology of Ahn Byung Mu and then analyzed 2) his proposal of “reunification by the Minjung” to achieve justice and peace in the divided Korean peninsula. As for the relationship of justice and peace, Ahn searched for the place to ask properly what justice is, and convinced that it is the place of the Minjung. Where the Minjung are not liberated from the existing structures in which they are oppressed, exploited and marginalized, there is no justice. Without justice it is impossible to speak of peace. In a word, Ahn argued a peace based on justice. In his conception on the peace based on justice he put emphasis on three following principles: democracy initiated by the Minjung, restriction of property for the sake of the public integrity, decisive rejection of war as means of peace. In his proposal of "reunification by the Minjung” Ahn made clear that the reunification process should be initiated by the Minjung who struggle for dismantling the privileged structures and promoting the justice in Korean society. In their reunification movements Ahn distinguished the movement to overcome the national division from the movement to achieve the reunification, but these two movements must consistent with each other. His proposal of "reunification by the Minjung” contains the following four principles: 1)the principle that war should be decisively rejected of war in the process to overcome the division and to achieve the reunification, 2) the principle that the Minjung should initiate the process to overcome the division and to achieve the reunification, 3) the principle that the system fixing and reinforcing the national division should be dismantled prospectively in terms of the Minjung, and 4) the principle that Minjung-initiated democracy, restriction of property for the sake of the public integrity, people's actual control of the power etc. should be settled in the blueprint for unified commonwealth, that is, in the constitution of the reunified Korea. I think that the above mentioned four principles of “the reunification by the Minjung” are still valid in the Korean situation of today.