Comparing Voting Participation in Korea and Taiwan: With Focus on the Effects of Macro Factors on the Micro Level Relationships
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This study compares voting participation in Korea with that in Taiwan. It must be noted, however, that the comparison is not made on equal terms. Rather this study is skewed heavily toward the Korean case, as the theoretical discussion and empirical analysis are primarily based on the Korean experiences. The study of voting participation has been focusing almost exclusively on micro level explanation and analysis, asking “who votes and why?” Unfortunately, this one-sidedness has left many interesting macro phenomena unanswered. This study attempted to redress this bias by focusing on the effects of macro level factors on the micro level relationships. The three macro level factors considered in this study are “election types,” “change over time in political culture and climate,” and “political system.”Based on a simple model of voting participation at the individual level, this study examined how the micro level relationships vary across different types of elections, across time, and across different political systems (Korea and Taiwan). Major findings from the empirical analysis include:⒜ The effect of age is consistently strong across all the elections examined in the study (including Korea and Taiwan). ⒝The effect of education and sex are neither strong nor consistent in most elections, but there is a sign at least in Korea that the importance of these SES variables might be on the rise. ⒞ The effect of party ID is consistently strong across all the elections in both Korea and Taiwan. ⒟ The effect of ideological intensity varies across different types of elections as expected, at least in the Korean case. It is strong in Presidential and legislative elections, but disappears in local elections. In the Taiwanese case,its effect is relatively weak.
Abstract
This study compares voting participation in Korea with that in Taiwan. It must be noted, however, that the comparison is not made on equal terms. Rather this study is skewed heavily toward the Korean case, as the theoretical discussion and empirical analysis are primarily based on the Korean experiences. The study of voting participation has been focusing almost exclusively on micro level explanation and analysis, asking “who votes and why?” Unfortunately, this one-sidedness has left many interesting macro phenomena unanswered. This study attempted to redress this bias by focusing on the effects of macro level factors on the micro level relationships. The three macro level factors considered in this study are “election types,” “change over time in political culture and climate,” and “political system.”Based on a simple model of voting participation at the individual level, this study examined how the micro level relationships vary across different types of elections, across time, and across different political systems (Korea and Taiwan). Major findings from the empirical analysis include:⒜ The effect of age is consistently strong across all the elections examined in the study (including Korea and Taiwan). ⒝The effect of education and sex are neither strong nor consistent in most elections, but there is a sign at least in Korea that the importance of these SES variables might be on the rise. ⒞ The effect of party ID is consistently strong across all the elections in both Korea and Taiwan. ⒟ The effect of ideological intensity varies across different types of elections as expected, at least in the Korean case. It is strong in Presidential and legislative elections, but disappears in local elections. In the Taiwanese case,its effect is relatively weak.
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