북한 전력인프라 개발지원을 위한 국제협력 방안 : 베트남의 국제협력 사례를 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to present international cooperation measures for the establishment of electric power infrastructure after North Korea's opening of the regime through implications from the case of international cooperation in Vietnam, a country in transition. Vietnam recognized electricity as the most important infrastructure of Vietnam's economy, and implemented radical reform and opening measures to build electricity infrastructure through international cooperation. In order to finance infrastructure construction, it actively accepted the demands of the international community, which is a condition for attracting foreign capital, and expanded the power infrastructure by utilizing the official development assistance (ODA) of international financial institutions. In addition, a market-oriented system was established for foreign investment attraction (FDI), and a free economic zone was created to promote investment attraction. Through the implications of these cases in Vietnam, the international cooperation plan to be asserted in this study is as follows. First, in order to establish the North Korean power infrastructure, the use of international cooperation funds is essential, and for this, North Korea's own efforts to gain trust from the international community are essential. Second, considering the insufficient North Korean administrative capabilities, a model for establishing a power infrastructure that promotes international cooperation while supporting North Korean administrative capabilities is needed. Considering that North Korea has a special relationship with South Korea, it can be viewed as a more favorable situation than Vietnam in terms of international cooperation. Third, due to the nature of power development, the scale of support is insufficient compared to the enormous resources required to build the North Korean power infrastructure, so it is necessary to first review projects and private investment methods (BOT) that have a high cost-effectiveness. In the case of Vietnam, it was also possible to build a power infrastructure suitable for the scale of supply through private investment. Considering North Korea's international position and national capabilities, North Korea's strategic support will be necessary for North Korea's international cooperation, and such support can be used as a useful tool for realizing inter-Korean cooperation.