디완그룹의 대변인 압바스 마흐무드 알악까드의 시 비평과 작품세계
A Study on the Poetic Criticism and the Literary Works of Abbas Mahmud al-Aqqad as a Spokesman of Diwan Group
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As a spokesman of Diwan Group which struggled to make the true Egyptian literature, Aqqad tried to break down the strong castle of Neoclassicism and also set up the new Romanticism through the critical comments and works. And so, in his most works he subjectively and romantically expressed his feelings about all the situations in the whole life including the nature and love. Formally, he experimented the one blank verse and about 60 strophic verses like muwashshat, Muzdawij, Muthallath, Murabba, Mukhammas, and so tried to destroy the fetter of the rhyme. But in spite of his constant efforts, he composed his most poems with the form of Qasidah and Qitah(a short poem under the 10 lines) which regard the meter and rhyme as the most important thing. And he could not totally overcome the limits of Neoclassism that controled the Egypt at that time. Any way, it is remarkable thing that Aqqad used a lot of the Qitah in the works more then about 500. The Qitah has the same point as the Qasidah in view of using the mono meter and mono rhyme, but it will be considered to the important changes in view of breaking the long-lined rule of Qasidah and at the same time taking the unification of contents. And also he showed the several experimentations using the form which destroyed the rule of divided into halves that is one norm of Qasidah. As above mentioned, in the subjects he broke down the Neoclassicism partly and set up the Romanticism in the Arabic poetry, but formally he could not take off the bridle of the Neoclassicism. After all, Aqqad was the pioneer who crossed the limits of the Noeclasscism and proceeded to the freer Romanticism through expressing the subjective and romantic subjects with various forms. And also these experiments were developed by the Apollo Group which began to be in full activities in the thirties, and then became the footstone for the movement of the free verse in the fifties.
Abstract
As a spokesman of Diwan Group which struggled to make the true Egyptian literature, Aqqad tried to break down the strong castle of Neoclassicism and also set up the new Romanticism through the critical comments and works. And so, in his most works he subjectively and romantically expressed his feelings about all the situations in the whole life including the nature and love. Formally, he experimented the one blank verse and about 60 strophic verses like muwashshat, Muzdawij, Muthallath, Murabba, Mukhammas, and so tried to destroy the fetter of the rhyme. But in spite of his constant efforts, he composed his most poems with the form of Qasidah and Qitah(a short poem under the 10 lines) which regard the meter and rhyme as the most important thing. And he could not totally overcome the limits of Neoclassism that controled the Egypt at that time. Any way, it is remarkable thing that Aqqad used a lot of the Qitah in the works more then about 500. The Qitah has the same point as the Qasidah in view of using the mono meter and mono rhyme, but it will be considered to the important changes in view of breaking the long-lined rule of Qasidah and at the same time taking the unification of contents. And also he showed the several experimentations using the form which destroyed the rule of divided into halves that is one norm of Qasidah. As above mentioned, in the subjects he broke down the Neoclassicism partly and set up the Romanticism in the Arabic poetry, but formally he could not take off the bridle of the Neoclassicism. After all, Aqqad was the pioneer who crossed the limits of the Noeclasscism and proceeded to the freer Romanticism through expressing the subjective and romantic subjects with various forms. And also these experiments were developed by the Apollo Group which began to be in full activities in the thirties, and then became the footstone for the movement of the free verse in the fifties.
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