디완그룹의 모더니즘 연구 - 전통과 모더니티를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The poets of Diwan Group were the three Egyptian poets who severely criticized the traditionalism of the neoclassicists on the form and content at the same time. And they tried to settle down the new trend in the Arab world early in the 20th century. But they gained a half success in the reform movement. Because at the time of Diwan Group was working, the neoclassicism still maintained its power and popularity, and therefore the readers who could arouse the public responses were relatively few. Besides, because of the dispute of plagiarism between Shukri and Mazini, giving up the working by Shukri, and placing a great weight on the criticism and the prose than poetry by mazini and Aqqad, poem writings of Diwan Group were limited. Generally, Shukri and Mazini versified the romantic and subjective themes with the Qasidah, and also experimented the various forms like the blank verse, stanza, short poem. On the other hand, Aqqad treated his romantic and subjective emotion in his most works, and wrote above two thirds with the short poem and stanza. After all, the poets of Diwan Group might be the pioneers who expressed the romantic and subjective themes in various forms, and then went towards the freer romanticism over the limits of the normative neoclassicism. And these experiments were developed by the poets of Apollo Group who began to work in 1930's, and so became the footstone of the free verse movement in 1950's. The another evident proof that became the footstone of the free verse movement was the use of a myth. In the fact that the free verse movement was played the leading role by the Tammuzi poets who used the myth of death and revival with a major motif, we could figure out the contribution of Diwan Group.