1930~40년대 식민지 조선의 공업용수 ‘개발’과 공업용 수도의 특징- 신의주와 진남포의 사례를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to examine the discussion of industrial water 'development' in colonial Korea in the 1930s and 40s and the establishment of public industrial waterworks as its realization. To do so, this article first examines the discussions on industrial water development under the 'industrialization of Korea' policy of the Japanese Government General of Korea in the 1930s, and focuses on the establishment of public industrial waterworks as a specific measure. Unlike the Japan of the same period, attempts to establish public industrial waterworks were made in Korea within a short period of time after the Sino-Japanese War and in specific regions. Among them, only Sinuiju and Jinnampo were successful in establishing and using industrial waterworks. This was in accordance with the wartime 'a development of the West Korea' policy. In this process, the authorities of North Pyongan Province in the case of Sinuiju and Jinnampo in the case of Jinnampo City, in coordination with local leaders, attracted Japanese corporate capital, and public industrial waterworks were established to provide cheap and abundant water to companies in order to attract factories. Kanebo, which opened a factory in Sinuiju, and Nippon Mining, Nissan Chemical, and Chosen Yiyeon, which opened factories in Jinnampo, paid part of the construction costs as donations, but were able to receive as much cheaper water as they needed. At the same time, Sinuiju and Jinnampo had problems with insufficient water supply for general use, but the authorities' direction was toward a stable supply of industrial water, with no expansion. In addition, since the factories in these areas were textile and heavy chemical industries that generated wastewater, there were some problems with their treatment, which were also difficult to resolve.