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부모통제․학교관여․교우관계가 청소년 사이버폭력 가해 경험에 미치는 영향 연구 : 사이버폭력에 대한 태도의 매개효과

A Study on Parental Control, School Involvement, and Friendship that Influence Adolescent Cyberbullying -focusing on the mediation effect on the attitude to cyberbullying

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초록

본 연구는 청소년 사이에 ‘사회적 죽음’으로 인식되는 사이버폭력과 관련해서 사이버폭력 가해 경험에 대한 부모, 학교, 친구 등의 영향력을 확인하고자 한다. 부모, 학교, 친구 등 사회통제 그룹이 청소년 온라인 행위에 커다란 영향을 미친다는 주장에 근거하여 이들 그룹이 사이버폭력 가해 경험과의 관계에서도 실제로 영향력을 발휘하는지 규명하려는 것이다. 실효성 있는 사이버폭력 예방과 대책 마련의 기초자료를 제공하기 위함이다. 이를 위해, 매년 실시하는 <사이버폭력 실태조사>의 2020년 결과 자료를 활용하여 2차 분석을 진행했다. 한국교육개발원 학교 통계자료를 기반으로 교급, 지역, 학년별로 층화계층추출방식을 통해 전국 17개 시도의 초등학교 4학년부터 고등학생까지 총 4,958명을 대상으로 분석했다. 분석 결과, 청소년들은 사이버폭력 예방을 위한 학교의 관여도가 낮고, 교우관계가 원만하지 않은 경우 사이버폭력 가해 경험이 높아지는 것으로 확인됐다. 반면, 자녀의 디지털 이용에 대한 부모 통제는 직접적으로 사이버폭력 가해 경험에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 사이버폭력에 대한 태도는 사이버폭력 가해 경험에 대해 부모 통제의 영향력을 전달하는 역할과 함께 학교 관여, 교우관계 등의 영향을 매개하는 중요한 요인으로 파악되었다. 이러한 결과에 따라, 향후 사이버폭력 예방프로그램 개발을 위해서는 학교와 친구의 개입 방안뿐만 아니라 사이버폭력에 대한 부정적이고 비관용적인 태도를 함양하기 위한 방안을 포함해야 함을 밝혔다.

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the influence of parent, school, and friend on cyberbullying, which is recognized as ‘social death’ among adolescents. Based on the claim that social control group such as parent, school, and friend had a great influence on online youth behavior, this was intended to investigate whether these groups actually exercise their influence in relations with cyberbullying. This was to provide basic data for effective cyberbulllying prevention and countermeasure. To that end, the second analysis was conducted using the 2020 results of the annual Cyber Violence Survey. Based on school statistics at the Korea Educational Development Institute, a total of 4,958 students from fourth graders to high school students in 17 cities and provinces nationwide were analyzed through stratified class extraction by class, region, and grade. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that if adolescents have low school involvement to prevent cyberbullying and a unfriendly relations with friend, their experience of cyberbullying increases. On the other hand, it was found that the digital control of parents did not directly affect the experience of cyberbullying. Finally, the attitude to cyberbullying was identified as an important factor in expanding and strengthening their influence on cyberbullying by mediating parental control, school involvement, and friendship. According to these results, it was revealed that cyberbullying prevention programs should include measures to foster negative and pessimistic attitudes toward cyberbullying as well as intervention measures for school and friend.

참고문헌 (72)

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