여호수아의 죽음 보고(수 24:28-33, 삿 2:6-9)에 대한 연구
A Study on the Report of Joshua's Death (Joshua 24:28-33, Judges 2:6-9)
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여호수아의 죽음은 근접한 본문 네 곳에서 언급된다. 필자는 본 논문에서 여호수아의 죽음 보고의 의도를 알기 위해 먼저 MT 여호수아 24:28-33과 LXX 여호수아 24:28-33b를 비교하여 차이점을 확인한다. 이어 MT에는 없는, LXX 여호수아 24:33a, 33b 두 구절도 살펴본다. LXX 여호수아 24:33a, 33b는 사사기 20장에 소개되는 비느하스와 사사기 3장에 언급되는 이방의 압제를 각각 언급한다. LXX 여호수아 24:33a와 33b는 시대구분을 명확하게 구분하기 전의 역사서술의 흔적을 보여준다. 마지막으로, 여호수아 24:28-31과 사사기 2:6-9 사이의 관계 및 두 본문이 말하고자 하는 바를 알기 위해서 필자는 사사기 1:1에서 2:6-9까지 구문론적으로 어떻게 소개되고 있는지 살핀다. 사사기 2:1-5에 나타난 보김 사건은 여호수아가 죽기 전에 그가 주도적으로 참여했던 여호수아 24장의 세겜 대회와 매우 대조적이다. 우리는 세겜 대회와 보김 사건, 이 두 사건의 선후관계를 명확히 정할 수 없다. 하지만, 분명한 것은 두 사건 모두 여호수아의 죽음 이전에 일어난 독립된 사건들이다. 사사기의 저자는 이스라엘 백성들의 행동에 대해 부정적으로 평가한 부분을 여호수아의 죽음 앞과 뒤에 의도적으로 배치하였다. 이를 통해 여호수아서가 강조하는 완전하고 성취된 가나안 정복과는 다르다. 사사기 저자는 여호수아가 살아 있는 동안에 발생해서 부정적 평가를 받았던 여러 사건들을 사사기에 집중적으로 그리고 의도적으로 배치하여 여호수아가 죽기 전에도 정복하지 못하였고, 여호수아가 죽고 난 뒤에도 이스라엘 백성들이 그 땅을 정복하지 못한 사실을 제시한다. 사사기 저자는 이스라엘 백성들이 그 땅의 백성들을 쫓아내는데 실패했는지를 잘 보여 줄 수 있도록 여호수아의 죽음 보고를 정확한 위치에 배치시켜 언급하였다.
Abstract
Joshua's death is mentioned four times in the adjacent texts(Josh. 24:29, Judg. 1:1, 2:8, 3:21). Firstly, this paper compares MT Joshua 24:28-33 and LXX Joshua 24:28-33b and looks at the differences in order to understand the intention of the report of Joshua's death. Next, we look at LXX Joshua 24:33a, 33b that are not in the MT. LXX Joshua 24:33a and 33b refer to Phinehas, introduced in Judges 20, and foreign oppression mentioned in Judges 3, respectively. LXX Joshua 24:33a and 33b show traces of historical writing that does not clearly distinguish between eras. Lastly, this paper examines how Judges 1:1-2:9 is introduced syntactically in order to understand the relationship between Joshua 24:28-31 and Judges 2:6-9 and what the two texts are trying to say. The Bochim incident in Judges 2:1-5 is in sharp contrast to the Shechem assembly in Joshua 24 before Joshua’s death. We cannot clearly determine the sequential relationship between these two events. What is clear is that both events are independent events that occurred before Joshua's death. The author of the Book of Judges intentionally placed the negative incidents before and after the death of Joshua. This is different from the way of history writing that the Book of Joshua emphasizes. The author of the Book of Judges intentionally arranged various negatively evaluated events that occurred during Joshua's lifetime, clearly presenting the fact that the Israelites failed to conquer the land before his death and even after his death. The author of Judges placed the report of Joshua's death in the exact location to clearly show why the Israelites failed to drive out the people of the land.
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