소피스트의 활동에 대한 재고 - 기원전 5세기 아테네를 중심으로 -
Reconsidering Sophist’s Activities in BC 5 Century Athens
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There used to be negative evaluations of the Sophists who visited Athens in the 5th century B.C. and brought about an innovation in Athenian education. Especially, Plato, Aristotle, and Isocrates take a critical stance against the Sophists’ educational activities. The critical point is that the Sophists taught for money the rhetoric that was an efficient skill for persuading the public in the democratic system, even though they utilized fallacies and sophism. While it has been widely accepted, there are many references and circumstantial evidences that call us to reconsider the Sophists’ activities. First, their stage of activity was not limited to Athens, and their main activities were not only of education and philosophy, which need to be reconsidered from the political point of view. Second, it is not appropriate to denigrate sophists’ rhetoric and their teaching as a skill for persuading the public. We may find critical proofs showing that their rhetoric was more than a skill for persuading the public. It helped promoting critical thinking and philosophical reflection in people suitable for the Greek democracy.
Abstract
There used to be negative evaluations of the Sophists who visited Athens in the 5th century B.C. and brought about an innovation in Athenian education. Especially, Plato, Aristotle, and Isocrates take a critical stance against the Sophists’ educational activities. The critical point is that the Sophists taught for money the rhetoric that was an efficient skill for persuading the public in the democratic system, even though they utilized fallacies and sophism. While it has been widely accepted, there are many references and circumstantial evidences that call us to reconsider the Sophists’ activities. First, their stage of activity was not limited to Athens, and their main activities were not only of education and philosophy, which need to be reconsidered from the political point of view. Second, it is not appropriate to denigrate sophists’ rhetoric and their teaching as a skill for persuading the public. We may find critical proofs showing that their rhetoric was more than a skill for persuading the public. It helped promoting critical thinking and philosophical reflection in people suitable for the Greek democracy.
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