“일반 역사” 속에서의 오므리 -이스라엘 임금의 역대지략 채우기-
Omri in “Normal History” -To complete the book of annals of the kings of Israel-
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The Bible is the only book which contained a part of history of Israel. However, the authors of the Bible recorded Israel in a religious point of view rather than a historical point of view. They always mentioned that if the readers want to know more about achievements of kings then see the book of annals of the kings of Israel. Unfortunately, this book does not exist at present and it is hard to complete the history of Israel from an overview. Recently, historians, including Mario Liverani, have been working on archiving archaeological, literary, and historical sources in near eastern area in order to study the history of Israel. By such studies, we have been able to follow the political movements of the kings of Israel in “normal history”, not “invented history” made by the emphasis on religious achievements. Among the kings of the Kingdom of Israel, this paper intended to reconsider especially Omri (886-874 BC) in “normal history”. Omri was introduced to his life only in 14 verses (1 Kings 16: 15-28), and in the books of Chronicles only appeared once as the father of Athaliah (2 Chronicles 2:22). He was not even mentioned that he was the king of Israel. But Omri was the army commander who had the capacity to become a king by his followers and was the king who laid the foundation for his son Ahab’s political and economic development, even though it was a short 12-year reign. In addition, as already well known in the Assyrian records, his name is left as the house of Omri (bit-Humri), so his position should not be remembered only as the father of Ahab. As opposed to “the house of David,” the “house of Omri” used to be expressed as a representation of the religious fallen and evil kings in the Bible, but historically there was David in the Kingdom of Judah and there was Omri as the rebuilder in the Kingdom of Israel. Omri’s policies of the capital relocation, the marriage alliance, and territorial expansion have brought economic and cultural development along with the expansion of the political realm of Israel. Jehu, who lost the background of Omri’s royal family, was isolated from the international situation and eventually the northern kingdom of Israel had to collapse slowly after his reign.
Abstract
The Bible is the only book which contained a part of history of Israel. However, the authors of the Bible recorded Israel in a religious point of view rather than a historical point of view. They always mentioned that if the readers want to know more about achievements of kings then see the book of annals of the kings of Israel. Unfortunately, this book does not exist at present and it is hard to complete the history of Israel from an overview. Recently, historians, including Mario Liverani, have been working on archiving archaeological, literary, and historical sources in near eastern area in order to study the history of Israel. By such studies, we have been able to follow the political movements of the kings of Israel in “normal history”, not “invented history” made by the emphasis on religious achievements. Among the kings of the Kingdom of Israel, this paper intended to reconsider especially Omri (886-874 BC) in “normal history”. Omri was introduced to his life only in 14 verses (1 Kings 16: 15-28), and in the books of Chronicles only appeared once as the father of Athaliah (2 Chronicles 2:22). He was not even mentioned that he was the king of Israel. But Omri was the army commander who had the capacity to become a king by his followers and was the king who laid the foundation for his son Ahab’s political and economic development, even though it was a short 12-year reign. In addition, as already well known in the Assyrian records, his name is left as the house of Omri (bit-Humri), so his position should not be remembered only as the father of Ahab. As opposed to “the house of David,” the “house of Omri” used to be expressed as a representation of the religious fallen and evil kings in the Bible, but historically there was David in the Kingdom of Judah and there was Omri as the rebuilder in the Kingdom of Israel. Omri’s policies of the capital relocation, the marriage alliance, and territorial expansion have brought economic and cultural development along with the expansion of the political realm of Israel. Jehu, who lost the background of Omri’s royal family, was isolated from the international situation and eventually the northern kingdom of Israel had to collapse slowly after his reign.
참고문헌 (33)
- "Ancient Near Eastern Texts relating to the Old Testament 1950", ~ (1950)
- Ahlström, G.W, "The History of Ancient Palestine" (1993), Fortress Press
- Ben Zvi, E, "Ahab Agonistes, The Rise and Fall of the Omri Dynasty", pp.41~53 (2007), T&T Clark
- Biran, A, "Biblical Dan" (1994), Israel Exploration Society
- Breckenridge, J.P, "An Analysis of Current Thought and Evidence for the United Monarchy with Particular Emphasis of the Biblical King David", 박사, pp.2001
- Crowfoot, J.W, "Samria-Sebaste II: Early Ivories from Samaria" (1938), Palestine Exploration Fund
- Dalley, S, "Foreign Chariotry and Cavalry in the Armies of Tiglath-pileser III and Sargon II", Iraq, 47, pp.31~48 (1985)
- Dearman, A, "Studies in the Mesha Inscription and Moab" (1989), Scholars Press
- Donner, H, "Kanaanäische und aramäische Inschriften. Mit einem Beitrag von O. Rosselr. 3. Vol. 2" (1971), O. Harrasowitz
- Franklin, Norma, "Samaria: From the Bedrock to the Omride Palace", Levant, 36, pp.189~202 (2004)
- Grabbe, L. L, "Ahab Agonistes, The Rise and Fall of the Omri Dynasty", pp.54~95 (2007), T&T Clark
- Grayson, A.K, "Assyrian Rulers of the First Millennium BC, I (914-859 BC) Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Assyrian Periods, 2" (1991), University of Toronto
- Grayson, A.K, "Assyrian Rulers of the First Millennium BC, II (858-745 BC). Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Assyrian Periods, 3" (1996), University of Toronto
- Halpern, B, "The Stela from Dan: Epigraphic and Historical Considerations", BASOR, 296, pp.63~80 (1994)
- Im, M, "Horses and Chariotry in the Land of Israel during the Iron Age II", 박사, pp.2007
- Josephus, F, "Antiquities of the Jews" (2001), Libary of Aexandria
- Karmon, Nira, "Remains of a Purple Dye Industry Found at Tel Shiqmona", IEJ, 38, pp.184~186 (1998)
- Kenyon, K, "Samaria-Sebaste III: The Objects from Samaria", pp.198~209 (1957), Palestine Exploration Fund
- Kenyon, K, "Archaeology in the Holy Land" (1970), Routledge
- King, Ph, "The Life in Biblical Israel" (2001), Westminster John Knox Press
- Lamon, R.S, "Megiddo, I, Seasons of 1925-1934, Strata I-V" (1939), Oriental Institute Publications
- Lemche, N.P, "The Israelites in History and Tradition" (1998), Westminster John Knox Press
- Liverani, M, "Israel’s History and History of Israel" (2005), Routledge
- Mazar, A, "Archaeology of the Land of the Bible 10,000-586 BCE" (1992), Doubleday
- Morgenstern, J, "Amos Studies III: The Historical Antecedents of Amos, Prophecy", Hebrew Union College Annual, 15, pp.136~137 (1940)
- Na’aman, N, "Two Notes on the Monolith Inscription of Shalmaneser III from Kurkh", Tel Aviv, 3, pp.97~102 (1976)
- Rainey, A, "The Sacred Bridge" (2006), Carta
- Schniedewind, W. M, "Tel Dan Stela: New Light on Aramaic and Jehu’s Revolt", BASOR, 302, pp.75~90 (1996)
- Tappy, R, "The Archaeology of Israelite Samaria, Vol. 1: Early Iron Age through the Ninth Century BCE" (1992), Scholars Press
- Thiel, W, "Anchor Bible Dictionary Vol.1", pp.511~512 (1992)
- Thompson, Th, "Early History of the Israelite People: from the Written and Archaeological Sources" (1992), Brill
- Tristram, H.B, "The Land of Moab" (1873), Kessinger Publishing
- Whitley, C.F, "Deuteronomic Presentation of the House of Omri", Vetus Testamentum, 2, pp.137~152 (1952)