크라테스의 『테리아』에 나타난 유토피아적 사상
Utopian Thought in Crates’ Thēria
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This paper seeks to consider the utopian meaning revealed in Crates’ portrayal of ‘a world without slaves’, ‘Cockaigne’ and ‘automated life’ mentioned in Thēria. Given that the greek old comedy satirizes the political group of Athens and developed in the Athens festive atmosphere, the automation utopia of the Greeks as a self-interest is a comic feature of the popular utopia that tries to criticize the oppressive state of reality through fantasy of the ideal world. In this context, the fantastic utopia identified in Crates’ Thēria criticizes the situation in Athens at that time and the controversial discourse within the polis, with the joys of happy dreams and fairytale fantasies about the happy world revealed through it. And this reveals the intention of making a joke and temporarily forgetting the repressive daily reality of the public by stating that the utopian description of a life of pleasure which leads humans to a happy life is unproductive and unrealistic. In the end, the Thēria can be seen as a conclusion of the criticism of contemporaries’ everyday thinking and treatment of slaves. In other words, this criticism is not a criticism of the nature of slavery, but rather a result of the social controversy caused by the injustice of the Attica free people’s attitude toward slavery at the time.
Abstract
This paper seeks to consider the utopian meaning revealed in Crates’ portrayal of ‘a world without slaves’, ‘Cockaigne’ and ‘automated life’ mentioned in Thēria. Given that the greek old comedy satirizes the political group of Athens and developed in the Athens festive atmosphere, the automation utopia of the Greeks as a self-interest is a comic feature of the popular utopia that tries to criticize the oppressive state of reality through fantasy of the ideal world. In this context, the fantastic utopia identified in Crates’ Thēria criticizes the situation in Athens at that time and the controversial discourse within the polis, with the joys of happy dreams and fairytale fantasies about the happy world revealed through it. And this reveals the intention of making a joke and temporarily forgetting the repressive daily reality of the public by stating that the utopian description of a life of pleasure which leads humans to a happy life is unproductive and unrealistic. In the end, the Thēria can be seen as a conclusion of the criticism of contemporaries’ everyday thinking and treatment of slaves. In other words, this criticism is not a criticism of the nature of slavery, but rather a result of the social controversy caused by the injustice of the Attica free people’s attitude toward slavery at the time.
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