협의적 사회보장개혁의 상이한 전략
Divergent Strategies of Concerted Social Security Reforms
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The aim of this paper is to find out the main factors behind different reform strategies chosen by Spain and Italy, though they tackled similar challenges such as financial imbalances of social security systems and the EMU and opted for social concertation as a feasible policymaking mechanism. Unlike mainstream arguments on concerted welfare reforms, this paper suggests that the different policy choices in concerted social security reforms in two countries under study have been determined by the different structures of concertation, which have had impact on the actors’ strategies, resulting in different policy choices. Differently from Italian case social concertation in Spain has been characterised by the narrow, separate dealing of policy issues. This structure was due to social partners’ strategic choices and political reasons on the government’s part. This issue-separated concertation structure meant the limits on the opportunity for the exchange of resource among actors, which resulted in the path-dependent policy choices. In Italian case, the Amato government and his successors formed a comprehensive reform package, linking issues in incomes policy, collective bargaining structure reform, employment and welfare policy,and tax reform. Through this extensive reform package Italian governments could concede resources to the trade unions in exchange for labour consensus for structural social security reforms.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to find out the main factors behind different reform strategies chosen by Spain and Italy, though they tackled similar challenges such as financial imbalances of social security systems and the EMU and opted for social concertation as a feasible policymaking mechanism. Unlike mainstream arguments on concerted welfare reforms, this paper suggests that the different policy choices in concerted social security reforms in two countries under study have been determined by the different structures of concertation, which have had impact on the actors’ strategies, resulting in different policy choices. Differently from Italian case social concertation in Spain has been characterised by the narrow, separate dealing of policy issues. This structure was due to social partners’ strategic choices and political reasons on the government’s part. This issue-separated concertation structure meant the limits on the opportunity for the exchange of resource among actors, which resulted in the path-dependent policy choices. In Italian case, the Amato government and his successors formed a comprehensive reform package, linking issues in incomes policy, collective bargaining structure reform, employment and welfare policy,and tax reform. Through this extensive reform package Italian governments could concede resources to the trade unions in exchange for labour consensus for structural social security reforms.
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