1960-70년대 터키 알레비의 정치세력화에 관한 연구
The Politicalization of the Alevis of Turkey in the 1960s-70s
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In the 1950’s, after World War II, Turkey witnessed important politico-economic changes. The socio-political landscape of the country was transformed by demographic growth, expansion of education, development of industry, and massive migration to cities and foreign countries in the 1950s. Alevis started to migrate to urban areas following the social and economic change in Turkey. The adaptation to urban life and modernity brought about dramatic changes for the Alevi community. The 1960 coup, and the Constitution that followed in its wake, played an important role in the setting of the Alevi issue on the political agenda and were the crucial to the momentum that led to the politicization of the Alevis in the 1960s-70s. The pattern of the politicization of the Alevis at that time is compartmentalized into the Alevist mobilization, the formation of Unity Party, and the leftist movement of Alevi youth. The Alevist mobilization led to the creation of Alevi associations in big cities and the creation of newspapers and magazines attempting to put the Alevi issue on the political agenda. The Unity Party was created on October 17th, 1966. Defining itself as Kemalist, secularist and progressive, and refusing conflicts of class and confession, this party advocated a planned economy controlled by the state, and promised the redistribution of land. But the Unity Party did not succeed in gathering Alevi votes. The Alevis were too socially and economically differentiated to gather in a party. The Alevi youth was politicized to take up the left position and devoted themselves to egalitarian revolutionary ideologies during the period of left-right polarization in the 1960s and 1970s.
Abstract
In the 1950’s, after World War II, Turkey witnessed important politico-economic changes. The socio-political landscape of the country was transformed by demographic growth, expansion of education, development of industry, and massive migration to cities and foreign countries in the 1950s. Alevis started to migrate to urban areas following the social and economic change in Turkey. The adaptation to urban life and modernity brought about dramatic changes for the Alevi community. The 1960 coup, and the Constitution that followed in its wake, played an important role in the setting of the Alevi issue on the political agenda and were the crucial to the momentum that led to the politicization of the Alevis in the 1960s-70s. The pattern of the politicization of the Alevis at that time is compartmentalized into the Alevist mobilization, the formation of Unity Party, and the leftist movement of Alevi youth. The Alevist mobilization led to the creation of Alevi associations in big cities and the creation of newspapers and magazines attempting to put the Alevi issue on the political agenda. The Unity Party was created on October 17th, 1966. Defining itself as Kemalist, secularist and progressive, and refusing conflicts of class and confession, this party advocated a planned economy controlled by the state, and promised the redistribution of land. But the Unity Party did not succeed in gathering Alevi votes. The Alevis were too socially and economically differentiated to gather in a party. The Alevi youth was politicized to take up the left position and devoted themselves to egalitarian revolutionary ideologies during the period of left-right polarization in the 1960s and 1970s.
참고문헌 (45)
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