17세기 초 西厓學團과 상주지역 사회의 재건

Abstract

Sarim(士林) power that had developed substantially in the 16th century formed a firm leading force in the Gyeongsang region through Japanese invasions of Korea(壬辰倭亂). Japanese invasions of Korea was a highly important affair for the Joseon Dynasty. Since then, that local elite, Sajok (士族), hold leading power was affected by the voluntary army activity of local elite. In the Sangju region, Sarim(士林) fled into mountains in the early of Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592. However, Changyeugun(倡義軍) of Lee Bong(李逢), Sangyeugun(尙義軍) of Kim Kak(金覺), and Chungbogun(忠報 軍) of Kim Hongmin(金弘敏), etc. formed voluntary armies in various areas of Sangju after voluntary army activity was started in many areas of the country in July. Voluntary armies of Sangju region achieved considerable success by laying an ambush. They tried to unite against Japan but did not achieve independent success for their overdependence on royal army(官 軍). However, the voluntary army activity of local elite in the Sangju region served to solidify their leading force in local community(鄕村) after the war. As Japanese invasions of Korea came to an end, Sarim of Sangju pushed ahead with the reconstruction of local community. The reconstruction of Sangju region was progressed by scholars who had involved in voluntary armies. Local elite of Sangju community including Jeong Kyeongsyeo(鄭經 世) who had studied under Ryu Seongyoung(柳成龍) initiated the establishment of Donam Seowon(道南書院). Sarim of Seoae Group including Jeong Kyoungsyeo and Jeon Sik(全湜), etc. intended to get a central position of Teoyeo School through the establishment of Donam Seowon. For this rea-son, sarim of Sangju region including Jeong Kyeongsyeo(鄭經世) tried to appoint the Five Sages(五賢) as the master of Confucian rites who did not have any connection in the Sangju areas. Jeong Kyeongsyeo initiated the establishment of seowon with six scholars including Song Ryang(宋亮) and Kim Kak(金覺) who had joined in the voluntary army. The attempt for establishment of seowon by Jeong Kyoungsyeo came into conflict with Kim Sangyoung(金尙容) the then provincial governer(牧使). Seoae School Ties (西厓學團) intended to make Donam Seowon as a central institute of edification( 敎化) in the Sangju region. Lee Jeon(李㙉) and Lee Jun(李埈) tried to remake list of Sajok and started Hyangyak, which was closely associated with the values of Seoae Group which took count of edification in the local community after the war. The scholars of Seoae Group(西厓門人) acknowledged that social issue of Sangju region was the reconstruction of farmlands devastated by the war. The impact of the war required the restoration of order on another level rather than economic recovery. The destruction of humanity during the war was terribly shocking to them. The scholars of Seoae Group determined the restoration of enlightment for civility(禮敎) as the most important task for restoration of social order after Japanese invasions of Korea. Therefore, they focused their efforts on the construction of seowon, repairing of hyangan(local sajok register), and the implementation of Hyangyak(鄕約).