1950-80년대 방송 제작 창극의 현황과 특징

Abstract

With the development of media in the 20th century, Changguek(Korean classical opera) encountered the public in the Japanese colonial era and even after liberation through radio and television. This paper analyzes the state of broadcasting programs, which were produced, based on Changgeuk from the 1950s to the 80s and the development processes. Moreover, characteristics of broadcasting Changgeuk are explored focusing on the programs in the 1970s to the 80s. <Radio Changgeuk> of Seoul Broadcasting Station was the first regular program in the 1950s. This program was organized by the master of Gukak(Korean classical music), Seong Gyeong-rin and he was involved in the work under the pen name of Seong Choon-poong. Seong Choon-poong produced a variety of repertories by adding classical novels, works about great men of history and new novels to the existing Changgeuk repertories. <Radio Changgeuk> changed the program name into <Gukakmudae> in the middle of the 1950s and its form varied too. In <Gukakmudae>, the voice actors attended the program and Changgeuk was included in dramas, while in the existing programs, Changgeuk was led by master singers. This trend began in earnest when radio dramas became the mainstream in broadcasting and <Yeonsokchanggeuk> of Donga Broadcasting is a representative example. In the 1960s, Donga Broadcasting produced a Changgeuk drama titled <Yeonsokchanggeuk>. At that time, the dramatist and producer used Changgeuk in making a soap drama. Not Korean classical musicians, actors and actresses played main roles in the drama. Chang(Pansori) was mostly used as background music to maximize character's emotion or the atmosphere of a scene. In the 1960s, television channels were launched in earnest and KBS TV aired a program titled <Gukakeaeui Chodae(An Invitation to Gukak)> on a regular basis. At this time, female Gukgeuk of the 1950s was a primary repertory of broadcasting. However, <Gukakeaeui Chodae> dramatized this to suit a television broadcast rather than showing performing arts as it is. <Naegangsan Woorinorae(My Country Our Song)> of MBC TV was a broadcasting program, which put emphasis on Changgeuk in the 1970s. This program consisted of professional Changak musicians and dramatized new repertories. Moreover, it put an aggressive effort into changing Changgeuk into TV plays focusing on Chang and the episodes of the stories. In the 1980s, Changgeuk was regularly aired by <KBS Jijeongseok>, though it didn't last long. <KBS Jijeongseok> followed the repertories of <Naegangsan Woorinorae> of MBC TV, but strived to create new repertories such as <Heosangjeon>. It was also intended to make Gukak known to the public, led by a Korean classical musician, Jo Sang-hyeon and a producer, Park Gyeong-sik with a broad understanding of Changgeuk. Once Changgeuk is combined with broadcasting, dramatic properties of Changgeuk become as important as musical properties. This paper explains this by analyzing ① a diversity of repertories of broadcasting Changgeuk, ② a proper transformation of original classical novels, ③ changes in Dochang styles and ④ the dialogue-centered use of Chang rather than the song-centered use.