대학 기술이전이 지역 경제발전에 미치는 영향 ― 동적 패널모형을 이용한 실증연구
The Effects of University Technology Transfer on Regional Economic Development ― Evidence Using Dynamic Panel Model
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초록
지역발전의 불균형·양극화 현상 해소 필요성이 대두됨에 따라 지역의 핵심적인 혁신주체로서 대학의 기업가적 역할이 강조되고 있다. 학자 및 실무자들은 대학이 혁신적 지식 및 기술의 원천으로서 지역 경제발전의 ‘엔진’이며, 대학의 기업가적 활동이 국가균형발전 실현에 기여할 것이라 기대한다. 그러나 여전히 지역발전에 대하여 대학의 기술이전으로부터 창출되는 영향을 규명한 실증적 증거는 찾아보기 어려운 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 동적 패널모형을 이용하여 우리나라 16개 시도 단위에서 공간의존적 특성을 지닌대학 기술이전과 지역 경제발전 간 관계를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 대학 기술이전 수입료는 지역 경제발전에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 반면, 기술이전건수의 경우 유의한 결과가 관측되지 않았다. 이는 대학 기술이전의 양적 성장은 지역 경제발전에 기여하지 못하며, 기술이전의 질적 성장만이 실제 지역 경제발전을 견인할 수 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
As the need to resolve the imbalance and polarization of regional development is emerging, the entrepreneurial role of universities has been emphasized. Universities have been regarded as ‘engine’ of regional development, and it is expected that the entrepreneurial activities of university contribute to the realization of balanced national development. However, there is still little evidence to evaluate the impact of university technology transfer on regional development. Existing studies have analyzed the effects of patent applications or publication on and the economic growth at regional level, but for instance, assuming a causality with regional economic growth is limited, given that patents filed from local entities may not necessarily be utilized within their region. In this study, we analyze the relationship between university technology transfer and regional economic development which is considered as being with space-dependent characteristics, using the dynamic panel model. We found that, while the import fee for technology transfer has a positive effect on regional economic growth, no significant results were observed for the number of technology transfers. Our findings suggest that the quantitative growth of university technology transfer does not contribute to regional development, and that only the qualitative growth of technology transfer can drive actual regional economic growth.
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