교사의 디자인사고 확산 결정요인에 관한 탐색적 연구: 혁신확산이론을 중심으로
An Exploratory Study on Determinants of Teachers’ Design Thinking Based on Diffusion of Innovation
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디자인사고는 교사의 창조적 교육ㆍ수업혁신을 위한 창의적 사고의 형태로 대두되고 있음에도 불구하고 교사의 디자인사고 확산 구조를 규명하는 학문적 논의는 상대적으로 부족하다. 이에, 본 연구는 Rogers(1995)의 혁신확산이론을 바탕으로 교사의 디자인사고 확산을 결정하는 요인을 탐색적으로 확인하고 이러한 결정요인과 디자인사고 특성 요인간의 관계를 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 서울⋅경기지역에 소재하고 있는 316명의 교사를 대상으로 조사연구를 실시하였으며, 분산 기반의 구조방정식(Variance-Based SEM; VB-SEM)인 Partial Least Squares structural equation modelling method (PLS-SEM)을 사용하여 교사의 디자인사고 선행요인을 검증하였다. 본 연구의 주요 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사의 디자인사고 특성 중 협업을 결정하는 요인으로는 적합성, 상대적 이익, 복잡성, 시험가능성으로 나타났다. 둘째, 디자인사고의 공감에는 적합성을 제외한 모든 변인들이 영향을 미쳤으며 복잡성이 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 결정요인으로 나타났다. 셋째, 디자인사고의 낙관주의를 결정하는 요인으로 상대적 이익이 다른 선행요인보다 월등한 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구결과는 Rogers의 혁신확산이론의 변인들이 교사의 디자인사고를 확산시키는 선행요인으로 적합할 수 있음을 시사하고 있다. 아울러, 혁신확산이론은 교사의 디자인사고 확산 연구에 있어 이론적 기반을 제공할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that determine the spread of teachers’ design thinking (DT) based on Rogers's (1995) Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) and to analyze the relationship between these determinants and features of DT. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on 316 teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi area, and the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling method (PLS-SEM) was used to verify the determinants of teachers’ DT. The main results of this study are as follows: First, 'compatibility’, ‘relative advantage’, ‘complexity’, and ‘trialability’ of DOI were found to have an effect on ‘collaboration’. Second, all the variables but ‘compatibility’ had an effect on ‘empathy’ of DT, and ‘complexity’ was the most influential determinant. Third, ‘relative advantage’ was found to have a superior effect on the ‘optimism’ of DT than other antecedents. This study‘s findings indicate that variables of DOI are suitable as antecedents to the spread of teachers’ DT. Also, the study provides empirical evidence that the DOI can provide a theoretical foundation for the research related to the spread of teachers’ DT.
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