소나무임분에서 산림경영활동이 고사목 연료량에 미치는 영향
Influence of Forest Management Activities on Forest Fire Fuels in Coarse Woody Debris for Pinus densiflora Stands in South Korea
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초록
본 연구는 산불에 취약한 대표 침엽수종인 소나무 임분을 대상으로 산림시업이 고사율과 고사목연료량에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 제 6차 국가산림자원조사 고사목 자료 중시업지 소나무림 40plots, 비시업지 소나무림 14plots를 분석자료로 사용하였다. 시업지 임분의 고사율은 약 1.6%, 비시업지 임분의 고사율은 5.3%으로 나타났으며, 산불확산에 영향을 미치는 고사목의산불연료량은 비시업지 임분이 2.2TOE ha-1으로 시업지 임분 1.6TOE ha-1에 비해 높게 나타났다. 부후등급별로 비교한 결과, 산불에 가장 취약한 고사Ⅰ등급이 차지하는 비율은 시업지 22%, 비시업지 29%으로 비시업지 임분에서 더 높은 고사목 분포를 보이고 있었으며, 부후도가 높아질수록 비시업지 임분이 시업지 임분에 비해 차지하는 연료량이 상대적으로 더 높게 나타났다. 따라서, 비시업지임분에서 지표화에서 수관화로 확산시키는 역할을 하는 고사목이 차지하는 연료량이 더 높게 추정됨에 따라 산불확산위험성이 더 높을 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
The objective of this study is to estimate the effects of forest management activities on mortality rates and fuel characteristics of coarse woody debris for Pinus densiflora stands in South Korea. This study used 40 managed plots and 14 unmanaged plots from the 6th National Forest Inventory plots. The results indicated that mortality rates of the managed stands were about 1.6% while those of the unmanaged stands were about 5.3%. The amount of coarse woody debris affecting forest fire spread was 2.2TOE ha-1 for the unmanaged stands, while 1.6TOE ha-1 for the managed stands. According to the results of decay class analysis, the ratio of decay class I, the most vulnerable to forest fires, was 22% for the managed stands while 29% for the unmanaged stands. Therefore, the unmanaged pine stands had higher fuel loads for forest fire in terms of coarse woody debris and higher decay rates than the managed Pinus densiflora stands. This information could be very useful to understand forest fire fuels in coarse woody debris for Pinus densiflora stands in South Korea.
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